讓鈴響起來的人或裝置
這一族的兩個意思共用同一個畫面：有東西在響，而這個字指向讓它響的那一個。差別只在那一個是人，還是機器裡的零件。
noun · B2
A person who rings bells: the big bells in a church tower that are pulled with ropes, or small bells that are held in the hand and shaken.
敲鐘的人
這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 敲鐘的人 · 隱藏實力的代打高手
1
ringer
n核心畫面
You can think of this side of ringer as simply the one that rings. A hand pulls a rope, a bell swings, and the sound goes out over the street. The word points at whoever or whatever makes that happen — the person on the rope, and later, once machines took the job over, the part of the phone that produces the sound.
這一邊的 ringer，可以想成「讓東西響起來的那一個」。有人拉繩子，鐘擺動，聲音傳出去。字尾 -er 指的就是做這…更多收起
這一邊的 ringer，可以想成「讓東西響起來的那一個」。有人拉繩子，鐘擺動，聲音傳出去。字尾 -er 指的就是做這件事的那一個。所以它先指拉繩敲鐘的人。後來換成機器在做同一件事，手機裡負責發聲的部分也就跟著叫 ringer。人或機器都可以，畫面裡不變的是「有東西在響」。From the word’s history
The supplied source traces ringer to Middle English ringere, formed from ring, to sound a bell, plus -er, the one who does it. The modern core is still that same build.
來源資料把 ringer 追到中古英文的 ringere，組成是 ring（讓鐘發出聲音）加上 -er（做這件事的那一個）。今天這一邊的核心畫面，跟當初造字的想法幾乎重疊。
Wiktionary, ringer, Etymology 1 (evidence packet source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:676130832:2155)
One branch
A second word, same spelling
2
ringer
n核心畫面
The other side of ringer can be pictured as a quiet swap. The real one is gone and something else is standing in its place, wearing its name and looking close enough that nobody checks. Sometimes the stand-in is stronger than it should be, sometimes it is simply false, and sometimes all that is left of the idea is the likeness itself.
ringer 的另一邊，可以想成一次悄悄的調包。真的那一個被拿走，另一個頂著它的名字站在原位，像到沒有人去查。有時候…更多收起
ringer 的另一邊，可以想成一次悄悄的調包。真的那一個被拿走，另一個頂著它的名字站在原位，像到沒有人去查。有時候頂上去的比原本該有的強，那是比賽裡的代打高手。有時候它根本就是假的，那是冒牌貨。再往下走，連「騙」都淡掉，只剩「像到分不出來」這件事本身。From the word’s history
The supplied source is not sure where this group comes from; it only says some senses may derive from ring the changes, an expression that mixes running through variations with passing false money. That is a hint, not a settled account.
來源資料對這一群的出身並沒有把握。它只說某些意思「可能」跟 ring the changes 有關，那個說法裡同時有「換來換去」和「用假錢矇混」的味道。所以這裡只能當線索看，不能當成定論。
Wiktionary, ringer, Etymology 4 and Etymology 5 (evidence packet source_refs kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:676140402:3367 and :676143769:1731); both are marked uncertain in the source
From the picture
頂替與造假
這一族把調包的兩半都留著：被換上去，而且不能被看穿。換上去的是人還是東西，只影響說法，不影響畫面。
noun · C1
Someone who is much better at a game, sport or skill than the other people are allowed to know, and who is put into a team or a competition where everyone believes they are an ordinary player.
隱藏實力的代打高手
Also in this word
noun · B2
A person or thing that looks so much like another one that people take one for the other. It is met most often in the phrase a dead ringer for someone.
長得一模一樣的人或物
noun · C1
A person or thing that is passed off as something else: a fake. It covers a copy sold as the real thing, a stolen car given another car's identity, and a fast horse entered in a race under a slower horse's name.
冒牌貨／頂替的假貨