這個拼法底下其實是3個不同的字,意思沒有關係, 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 隨手丟、扔 · 夾頭 · 親愛的(英格蘭北部稱呼)

1

chuck

verb, noun

核心畫面

You can think of chuck as one quick flick of the hand. Something leaves your hand fast, and you do not watch where it lands. That single movement sits behind almost everything this word does: a bag thrown on a sofa, a jar thrown in the bin, a job or a relationship thrown away, and even the sky throwing rain straight down. The one place the movement shrinks instead of flying out is the light tap under someone's chin, where the hand still moves quickly but nothing leaves it.

chuck 的畫面可以想成手腕快速一甩。東西離手很快,你也沒有在看它落在哪裡。這個小動作幾乎撐起它所有的用法。往沙發更多收起chuck 的畫面可以想成手腕快速一甩。東西離手很快,你也沒有在看它落在哪裡。這個小動作幾乎撐起它所有的用法。往沙發上一丟是它,往垃圾桶一丟也是它。工作和感情,一樣可以被「甩開」。連天空把雨往下倒,都借用同一個動作。只有下巴那個輕碰是例外:手還是快快一下,但東西沒有離手。

From the word’s history

The source traces this chuck to an earlier chock, probably an imitative word, and possibly linked to Middle English chokken (to thrust, cram) and Middle Dutch schocken (to bump, shake); it is called a doublet of shock and shuck. If that is right, the word began with a short, forceful knock, which fits the quick flick it still describes.

資料把這個 chuck 追到更早的 chock,說它可能是模仿聲音的字,也可能和中古英語 chokken(推、塞)與中古荷蘭文 schocken(碰撞、搖動)有關,並和 shock、shuck 同源。若是這樣,它一開始講的就是「短促用力的一下」,和今天「手一甩」的手感是同一路。

Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 4 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735706233)

From the picture

手一甩,東西出去

這一支就是核心動作本身,動詞和名詞各一個殼。

verb · B2

To throw something in a quick, relaxed, careless way, without taking care where it lands. It is an everyday spoken word, used about small things you toss to a person or onto a surface.

隨手丟、扔

丟掉:從手上甩開,也從生活裡甩開

同樣一甩,只是重點從「丟出去」移到「不要了」。被丟的可以是垃圾,也可以是工作或一段感情。

verb · B2

To get rid of something by throwing it away, because you do not want it or need it any more.

丟掉、扔掉

天空把雨倒下來

把丟的主體換成天空:雨不是慢慢落下來,是被整桶砸下來。

verb · C1

If it chucks it down, rain is falling very hard. The expression is only used about the weather, and the subject is always it.

下大雨、雨倒下來

輕輕一碰下巴

和丟東西共用「短促一下」的手感,只是這次東西沒有離手。

verb · C1

To touch someone gently and quickly under the chin with your hand, as a friendly or affectionate gesture. It is most often done to a baby or a small child.

輕托下巴逗一下

Also in this word

noun · B2

One quick throw of something, made without care or aim. It is the noun that goes with the verb chuck, and it is used in speech.

隨手一丟

A second word, same spelling

2

chuck

noun

核心畫面

A different chuck, and the picture is rather than throwing. The source files it as a form of chock, the block you wedge under a wheel so it cannot roll. The machine part called a chuck does the same job for a drill bit: it clamps the bit so tightly that the bit can only turn with the tool, never slip inside it.

這是另一個 chuck,畫面可以想成「夾住不放」。資料把它算成 chock 的變體,chock 是塞在輪子底下、讓車更多收起這是另一個 chuck,畫面可以想成「夾住不放」。資料把它算成 chock 的變體,chock 是塞在輪子底下、讓車不會滑動的木塊。電鑽前端的 chuck 做的正是同一件事:把鑽頭咬死,讓它只能跟著工具轉,不會在裡面打滑。

From the word’s history

The source gives this chuck simply as a variant of chock.

資料只說這個 chuck 是 chock 的變體,沒有再往前追。

Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 1 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735679974)

A second word, same spelling

3

chuck

noun

核心畫面

A third chuck starts from a sound rather than a movement. The source says it copies the low noise a hen makes to her chicks, a call that brings them in close. Spoken to a person, it keeps that warmth: it is a way of calling someone to you kindly.

第三個 chuck,一種想法是它從聲音來的,不是從動作。資料說它模仿母雞咕咕叫的聲音,而母雞這樣叫是在把小雞喚到身邊更多收起第三個 chuck,一種想法是它從聲音來的,不是從動作。資料說它模仿母雞咕咕叫的聲音,而母雞這樣叫是在把小雞喚到身邊。拿來叫人的時候,這份親近就留了下來:它不是在形容對方,而是把對方輕輕喚過來。

From the word’s history

The source gives this chuck as coming from Middle English chuk, of onomatopoeic origin, imitative of a hen's cluck.

資料說這個 chuck 來自中古英語 chuk,是模仿母雞咕咕叫的擬聲字。

Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 2 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735696469)

原始詞典資料32 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Chuckname詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    A form of the male given name Charles, of mostly American usage.

    • The digital ads open over a shot of Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid and Chuck Schumer, the third-ranking Democrat in the Senate, while a narrator declares: “For years, it paralyzed Washington: Partisan political dysfunction.”

Chucknoun詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    informala Chuck Taylor All-Stars shoe.

    • Got Chucks on with Saint Laurent / Gotta kiss myself, I'm so pretty

Chuckname詞源 2/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    slangThe city of Edmonton.

chucknoun詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    cookingfoodlifestyleMeat from the shoulder of a cow or other animal.

    • Arm chucks represent approximately 54% of the beef forequarters.
    • Often, pieces of the chuck are sold boneless as flat chunks of meat or rolled and tied.
  • 2

    datedslangFood.

    • “Hambone, how's for chuck?” Hambone removed pipe from mouth, slowly. “Wal, I reckon I still got a few whistleberries left. Some sonofabitch stew mabbe. A few shot biscuits.”
  • 3

    engineeringmechanicalmechanical-engineeringA mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.

    • 1824, Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), Transactions, Volume 42, page 88, I have had a chuck of this kind made in brass with the cones of iron, but it is cumbrous and expensive, and does not answer so well, owing to the surface of the iron offering less resistance to the work turning within it. This, perhaps, might be remedied by roughing; but I think the chuck is much better in wood, as it can be made by any common turner at a trifling expense, and possesses more strength than can possibly be required.
    • Iron and steel in contact with magnets retain some of the magnetism, which is sometimes more or less of a nuisance in getting small work off the chucks.

chuckverb詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning.

  • 2

    To bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck.

chucknoun詞源 2/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    obsoletedialectalA chicken, a hen.

  • 2

    A clucking sound.

    • The call always starts with a whine, to which the males add from 0 to 6 chucks. In choice tests, females approach calls that contain chucks in preference to calls that contain no chucks.
  • 3

    slangA friend or close acquaintance; term of endearment.

    • Are you all right, chuck?
    • Pray, chuck, come hither.

chuckverb詞源 3/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    To make a clucking sound.

  • 2

    To call, as a hen her chickens.

    • Then crowing clapped his wing, th'appointed call To chuck his wives together in the hall.
  • 3

    obsoleteTo chuckle; to laugh.

    • Who would not chuck to see such pleasing sport. To see such troupes of gallants still resort unto Cornutos shop.

chucknoun詞源 4/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    A gentle touch or tap.

    • She gave him an affectionate chuck under the chin.
  • 2

    informalA casual throw.

  • 3

    informalball-gamescricketgamesA throw, an incorrect bowling action.

  • 4

    slangAn act or instance of vomiting.

  • 5

    entertainmentlifestylemusicOn rhythm guitar or mandolin etc., the muting of a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.

chuckverb詞源 4/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    To playfully give a light touch, stroke, tap, etc., to someone, especially under the chin.

    • [Y]ou look now as you did before we were married—when you used to walk with me under the Elms, and tell me stories of what a Gallant you were in your youth—and chuck me under the chin you would—and ask me if I thought I could love an old Fellow who would deny me nothing—didn't you?
    • ‘Oh, my oath,’ Dan said, and ‘chucked’ Mrs. Brown familiarly under the chin. ‘Get along wid you!’ she cried, jumping back and colouring up.
  • 2

    informalTo throw, especially in a careless or inaccurate manner.

    • Chuck that magazine to me, would you?
  • 3

    ball-gamescricketgamesTo throw; to bowl with an incorrect action.

  • 4

    informalTo discard, to throw away.

    • This food's gone off - you'd better chuck it.
    • When Dangerfield put the little roll in his hand, Irons looked suspicious and frightened, and balanced it in his palm, as if he had thoughts of chucking it from him, as though it were literally a satanic douceur. But it is hard to part with money, and Irons, though he still looked cowed and unhappy, put the money into his breeches' pocket, and he made a queer bow […]
  • 5

    informalTo jilt; to dump.

    • She's chucked me for another man!
  • 6

    datedinformalTo give up; to stop doing; to quit.

    • "When he got religion old Joe stuck every penny away in the Savings Bank, and when he chucked religion he'd draw out the lot and go on a bender that landed him in the horrors, like as not."
  • 7

    slangTo vomit.

  • 8

    slangTo leave; to depart; to bounce.

    • Let's chuck.
另外 1 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    entertainmentlifestylemusicOn rhythm guitar or mandolin etc.: to mute a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.

chucknoun詞源 6/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    A small pebble.

  • 2

    obsoleteslangMoney.

chucknoun詞源 7/t͡ʃʌk/

  • 1

    A pair of nunchaku, especially when using two.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。