手一甩,東西出去
這一支就是核心動作本身,動詞和名詞各一個殼。
verb · B2
To throw something in a quick, relaxed, careless way, without taking care where it lands. It is an everyday spoken word, used about small things you toss to a person or onto a surface.
隨手丟、扔
這個拼法底下其實是3個不同的字,意思沒有關係, 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 隨手丟、扔 · 夾頭 · 親愛的(英格蘭北部稱呼)
You can think of chuck as one quick flick of the hand. Something leaves your hand fast, and you do not watch where it lands. That single movement sits behind almost everything this word does: a bag thrown on a sofa, a jar thrown in the bin, a job or a relationship thrown away, and even the sky throwing rain straight down. The one place the movement shrinks instead of flying out is the light tap under someone's chin, where the hand still moves quickly but nothing leaves it.
The source traces this chuck to an earlier chock, probably an imitative word, and possibly linked to Middle English chokken (to thrust, cram) and Middle Dutch schocken (to bump, shake); it is called a doublet of shock and shuck. If that is right, the word began with a short, forceful knock, which fits the quick flick it still describes.
資料把這個 chuck 追到更早的 chock,說它可能是模仿聲音的字,也可能和中古英語 chokken(推、塞)與中古荷蘭文 schocken(碰撞、搖動)有關,並和 shock、shuck 同源。若是這樣,它一開始講的就是「短促用力的一下」,和今天「手一甩」的手感是同一路。
Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 4 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735706233)
From the picture
手一甩,東西出去
這一支就是核心動作本身,動詞和名詞各一個殼。
verb · B2
To throw something in a quick, relaxed, careless way, without taking care where it lands. It is an everyday spoken word, used about small things you toss to a person or onto a surface.
隨手丟、扔
丟掉:從手上甩開,也從生活裡甩開
同樣一甩,只是重點從「丟出去」移到「不要了」。被丟的可以是垃圾,也可以是工作或一段感情。
verb · B2
To get rid of something by throwing it away, because you do not want it or need it any more.
丟掉、扔掉
天空把雨倒下來
把丟的主體換成天空:雨不是慢慢落下來,是被整桶砸下來。
verb · C1
If it chucks it down, rain is falling very hard. The expression is only used about the weather, and the subject is always it.
下大雨、雨倒下來
輕輕一碰下巴
和丟東西共用「短促一下」的手感,只是這次東西沒有離手。
verb · C1
To touch someone gently and quickly under the chin with your hand, as a friendly or affectionate gesture. It is most often done to a baby or a small child.
輕托下巴逗一下
noun · B2
One quick throw of something, made without care or aim. It is the noun that goes with the verb chuck, and it is used in speech.
隨手一丟
A second word, same spelling
A different chuck, and the picture is rather than throwing. The source files it as a form of chock, the block you wedge under a wheel so it cannot roll. The machine part called a chuck does the same job for a drill bit: it clamps the bit so tightly that the bit can only turn with the tool, never slip inside it.
The source gives this chuck simply as a variant of chock.
資料只說這個 chuck 是 chock 的變體,沒有再往前追。
Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 1 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735679974)
A second word, same spelling
A third chuck starts from a sound rather than a movement. The source says it copies the low noise a hen makes to her chicks, a call that brings them in close. Spoken to a person, it keeps that warmth: it is a way of calling someone to you kindly.
The source gives this chuck as coming from Middle English chuk, of onomatopoeic origin, imitative of a hen's cluck.
資料說這個 chuck 來自中古英語 chuk,是模仿母雞咕咕叫的擬聲字。
Wiktionary via kaikki extract, chuck etymology 2 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:735696469)
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Chuckname詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/
A form of the male given name Charles, of mostly American usage.
Chucknoun詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/
informala Chuck Taylor All-Stars shoe.
Chuckname詞源 2/t͡ʃʌk/
slangThe city of Edmonton.
chucknoun詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/
cookingfoodlifestyleMeat from the shoulder of a cow or other animal.
datedslangFood.
engineeringmechanicalmechanical-engineeringA mechanical device that holds an object firmly in place, for example holding a drill bit in a high-speed rotating drill or grinder.
chuckverb詞源 1/t͡ʃʌk/
To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning.
To bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck.
chucknoun詞源 2/t͡ʃʌk/
obsoletedialectalA chicken, a hen.
A clucking sound.
slangA friend or close acquaintance; term of endearment.
chuckverb詞源 3/t͡ʃʌk/
To make a clucking sound.
To call, as a hen her chickens.
obsoleteTo chuckle; to laugh.
chucknoun詞源 4/t͡ʃʌk/
A gentle touch or tap.
informalA casual throw.
informalball-gamescricketgamesA throw, an incorrect bowling action.
slangAn act or instance of vomiting.
entertainmentlifestylemusicOn rhythm guitar or mandolin etc., the muting of a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.
chuckverb詞源 4/t͡ʃʌk/
To playfully give a light touch, stroke, tap, etc., to someone, especially under the chin.
informalTo throw, especially in a careless or inaccurate manner.
ball-gamescricketgamesTo throw; to bowl with an incorrect action.
informalTo discard, to throw away.
informalTo jilt; to dump.
datedinformalTo give up; to stop doing; to quit.
slangTo vomit.
slangTo leave; to depart; to bounce.
entertainmentlifestylemusicOn rhythm guitar or mandolin etc.: to mute a chord by lifting the fretting fingers immediately after strumming, producing a percussive effect.
chucknoun詞源 6/t͡ʃʌk/
A small pebble.
obsoleteslangMoney.
chucknoun詞源 7/t͡ʃʌk/
A pair of nunchaku, especially when using two.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。