喜樂美語

這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 throw hard · pitch (tar)

1

pitch

n, v

核心畫面

The root picture you can hold for this 'pitch' is a , aimed throw — you something hard, aiming it carefully to land at a chosen spot. From this one act of throwing-and-fixing, the word fans out: throw the ball (baseball, cricket, golf); throw something into place and 'fix' it there (pitch a tent); a throw that lurches and falls (a ship pitching, someone pitched forward); and the spot you 'plant' yourself to sell from. The same idea of 'setting something at a chosen point' then jumps from physical aim to abstract aim: set a sound at a chosen level (musical pitch), set a price or difficulty at a level, and — most modern of all — 'throw' your idea or product at someone to win them over (a sales pitch). Hold the carefully-aimed throw that lands and fixes, and the whole word lines up.

這個 pitch 最底層的畫面,可以想成一記用力又瞄準的「拋擲」——你把東西使勁丟出去,還仔細對準,要它落在你選好的…更多收起這個 pitch 最底層的畫面,可以想成一記用力又瞄準的「拋擲」——你把東西使勁丟出去,還仔細對準,要它落在你選好的點上。從這一個「丟出去、釘在定點」的動作,整個字往外散開:丟球(棒球、板球、高爾夫);把東西丟到定位、「固定」在那裡(搭帳篷);丟出去時整個前傾、栽下去(船的顛簸、人往前摔);還有你「紮營」下來擺攤做生意的那個定點。接著,「把某樣東西定在選好的一點上」這個想法又從實體的瞄準,跳到抽象的瞄準:把聲音定在某個高低(音高)、把價格或難度定在某個水準,以及最現代的一個——把你的點子或產品「拋」向某人來打動他(推銷說詞)。先抓住那記「瞄準、落地、釘住」的拋擲,整個字就排得整整齊齊。

A second word, same spelling

2

pitch

n

核心畫面

This 'pitch' is a separate, much older word: the black, sticky, tar-like substance you smear onto a roof or the bottom of a ship to seal out water. You can hold the picture of thick black , dark and sticky — it has nothing to do with throwing a ball; it just happens to be spelled the same. (It survives in 'pitch-black', meaning as dark as this tar.)

這個 pitch 是另一個、而且古老得多的字:那種黑黑的、黏黏的、像柏油一樣的東西,塗在屋頂或船底用來防水、把水隔在…更多收起這個 pitch 是另一個、而且古老得多的字:那種黑黑的、黏黏的、像柏油一樣的東西,塗在屋頂或船底用來防水、把水隔在外面。可以想成一團濃稠的黑膏,又黑又黏——它和丟球那個 pitch 完全沒關係,只是剛好拼法一樣。(英文 pitch-black「漆黑」就是從這團黑膏來的,黑得像瀝青。)

原始詞典資料61 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

pitchnoun詞源 1/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    A sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees; tree sap.

    • It is hard to get this pitch off my hand.
  • 2

    A sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees; tree sap.

  • 3

    A dark, extremely viscous material still remaining after distilling crude oil or natural tar.

    • Near-synonyms: tar, coal tar, asphalt, bitumen
    • They put pitch on the mast to protect it.
  • 4

    geographygeologynatural-sciencesPitchstone.

pitchverb詞源 1/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    To cover or smear with pitch.

    • “Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch.”
  • 2

    To darken; to blacken; to obscure.

    • 1704 (published), year written unknown, John Dryden, On the Death of Amyntas Soon he found / The welkin pitch'd with sullen clouds.

pitchadj詞源 1/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    Very dark black; pitch-black.

    • For quotations using this term, see Citations:pitch.
  • 2

    Intense, deep, dark.

    • Then I got back here - difficulty again: no trolly-bus, and black pitcher than black - and have since been conning the Beveridge Report.
    • If you lose even once, that's it: The screen goes, like, the pitchest black ever, and you're [out].

pitchnoun詞源 2/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    A throw; a toss; a cast, as of something from the hand.

    • a good pitch in quoits
  • 2

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesThe act of pitching a baseball.

    • The pitch was low and inside.
  • 3

    hobbieslifestylesportsThe field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played. (In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; see cricket pitch.) (Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)

    • The teams met on the pitch.
  • 4

    golfhobbieslifestyleA short, high, lofty shot that lands with backspin.

  • 5

    rareThe field of battle.

    • “The two men of Alltraighe maintain, Two chiefs of the plain of Kerry, A clan the most active in pitch of battle, Their chiefs are O’Neide and Clan Conary.”
    • Every other day they would spend half of the training hours on the battle pitch.
  • 6

    An effort to sell or promote something.

    • He gave me a sales pitch.
  • 7

    The distance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. the teeth of a saw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, or letters in a monospace font.

    • The pitch of pixels on the point scale is 72 pixels per inch.
    • The pitch of this saw is perfect for that type of wood.
  • 8

    The angle at which an object sits.

    • the pitch of the roof or haystack
另外 19 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationThe rotation angle about the transverse axis.

    • the pitch of an aircraft
  • 10

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationThe rotation angle about the transverse axis.

    • The propeller blades' pitch went to 90° as the engine was feathered.
  • 11

    An area in a market (or similar) allocated to a particular trader.

  • 12

    The place where a busker performs, a prostitute solicits clients, or an illegal gambling game etc. is set up before the public.

    • Another reason is that the prostitute who makes her pitch at Marble Arch stands a chance of being picked up by an out-of-town business man stopping at one of the hotels in the vicinity, and of being treated to a steak dinner […]
  • 13

    An area on a campsite intended for occupation by a single tent, caravan or similar.

  • 14

    A level or degree, or (by extension), a peak or highest degree.

    • He lived at a time when learning was at its highest pitch.
    • But, except the mind be disordered by disease or madness, they never can arrive at such a pitch of vivacity
  • 15

    A point or peak; the extreme point of elevation or depression.

    • Driven headlong from the pitch of heaven, down / Into this deep.
  • 16

    The most thrust-out point of a headland or cape.

    • From the pitch of Cape-Fraward, to the pitch of Cape-Holland, the Streight lies in the Channel West and by North, nearest, and is distant full five Leagues;
  • 17

    obsoleteCollectively, the outermost points of some part of the body, especially the shoulders or hips.

    • Such breadth of ſhoulders as might mainely beare Olde Atlas burthen, twixt his manly pitch, A pearle more worth, then all the world is plaſte:
  • 18

    The height a bird reaches in flight, especially a bird of prey preparing to swoop down on its prey.

  • 19

    regionalA person's or animal's height.

    • Alba the emperor was crook-backed, Epictetus lame; that great Alexander a little man of stature, Augustus Cæsar of the same pitch […].
    • So like in person, garb, and pitch, 'Twas hard t' interpret which was which
  • 20

    Prominence; importance.

    • Enterprises of great pitch and moment.
  • 21

    climbinghobbieslifestyleA section of a climb or rock face; specifically, the climbing distance between belays or stances.

    • The line turns a sharp right-angle to the north to circumvent the town, and then plunges straight into the 1 in 50, which lasts for nearly 20 miles with few intermissions, and some pitches of 1 in 40.
    • You lead "through" instead — your companion leads a pitch, then you join him. But instead of swapping over at the ice axe belay, you carry on in the lead, cutting or kicking steps until you are about twenty feet above.
  • 22

    cavinghobbieslifestyleA vertical cave passage, only negotiable by using rope or ladders.

    • The entrance pitch requires 30 metres of rope.
  • 23

    ball-gamescricketgamesThat point of the ground on which the ball pitches or lights when bowled.

  • 24

    A descent; a fall; a thrusting down.

  • 25

    The point where a declivity begins; hence, the declivity itself; a descending slope; the degree or rate of descent or slope; slant.

    • a steep pitch in the road
    • the pitch of a roof
  • 26

    businessminingThe limit of ground set to a miner who receives a share of the ore taken out.

  • 27

    card-gamesgamesAn American trick-taking card game.

pitchverb詞源 2/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    To throw.

    • He pitched the horseshoe.
  • 2

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesTo throw (the ball) toward a batter at home plate.

    • The hurler pitched a curveball.
    • He pitched high and inside.
  • 3

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesTo play baseball in the position of pitcher.

    • Bob pitches today.
  • 4

    To throw away; discard.

    • He pitched the candy wrapper.
  • 5

    To promote, advertise, or attempt to sell.

    • He pitched the idea for months with no takers.
  • 6

    To deliver in a certain tone or style, or with a certain audience in mind.

    • At which level should I pitch my presentation?
  • 7

    To assemble or erect (a tent). Also used figuratively.

    • Pitch the tent over there.
    • Why not, when it was clearly now possible to pitch your tent well beyond whatever expert consensus considered reasonable and be lionised instead of punished [...]
  • 8

    To fix or place a tent or temporary habitation; to encamp.

    • Laban with his brethren pitched in the Mount of Gilead.
另外 13 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationTo move so that the front of an aircraft or boat goes alternately up and down.

    • The typhoon pitched the deck of the ship.
    • The airplane pitched.
  • 10

    To set at an angle, especially a downwards one; to cause to tilt.

    • Driveway cross slopes along Owyhee Street in Boise reach nearly 9%, which could cause a person in a wheelchair or using another mobility device to be pitched into the street. The cross slope should be no greater than 2% in order to prevent this.
  • 11

    golfhobbieslifestyleTo play a short, high, lofty shot that lands with backspin.

    • The only way to get on the green from here is to pitch the ball over the bunker.
  • 12

    ball-gamescricketgamesTo bounce on the playing surface.

    • The ball pitched well short of the batsman.
  • 13

    To settle and build up, without melting.

  • 14

    archaicTo alight; to settle; to come to rest from flight.

    • the tree whereon they [the bees] pitch
  • 15

    To fix one's choice.

    • Pitch upon the best course of life, and custom will render it the more easy.
    • "'Tis very unlucky that we didn't pitch on a sound one, when there were so many more of 'em!"
  • 16

    To plunge or fall; especially, to fall forward; to decline or slope.

    • to pitch from a precipice
    • The field pitches toward the east.
  • 17

    To set, face, or pave (an embankment or roadway) with rubble or undressed stones.

    • […]pitch the road with hard stones [rather] than to break them up for a road covering
  • 18

    To set or fix (a price or value).

    • Whose vultur thought doth pitch the price so hie, That she will draw his lips rich treasure drie.
  • 19

    slangcard-gamesgamesTo discard (a card) for some gain.

  • 20

    To attack, or position or assemble for attack.

    • They pitched at the waters of Merom. These waters of Merom are generally thought to be nothing but the lake of Semechon,[…]
    • “Vy don’t you pitch into her Sarah?” exclaims one half-dressed matron by way of encouragement.
  • 21

    beveragesbrewingbusinessTo add yeast as a step while making beer

    • except for the cell growth which is higher for the yeast pitched with lower vitality
    • five pitching rates were applied to lab-scale fermentations to investigate its impact on the yeast

pitchnoun詞源 3/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    entertainmenthuman-scienceslifestyleThe perceived frequency of a sound, note or electromagnetic wave.

    • The pitch of middle "C" is familiar to many musicians.
    • Hertzian waves are not caused by vibrations of the ponderable matter of the brass balls, the form of which only determines the pitch.
  • 2

    entertainmentlifestylemusicThe standard to which a group of musical instruments are tuned or in which a piece is performed, usually by reference to the frequency to which the musical note A above middle C is tuned.

    • Are we in baroque pitch for this one?
  • 3

    entertainmentlifestylemusicIn an a cappella group, the singer responsible for singing a note for the other members to tune themselves by.

    • Bob, our pitch, let out a clear middle "C" and our conductor gave the signal to start.

pitchverb詞源 3/pɪt͡ʃ/

  • 1

    To produce a note of a given pitch.

    • […] now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music and the opera of voices pitches a key higher.
  • 2

    To fix or set the tone of.

    • His "hello" was enough to recognize his voice by. I pitched mine low so he wouldn't know it.
    • I record voice messages in Russian, with my voice pitched to a sexy-baby timbre and a heavy American accent.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。