這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字,意思沒有關係, 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 a race (speed competition) · race (ethnic group)
race
n, v核心畫面
Two or more people (or horses, cars) lined up and rushing toward a finish line — whoever gets there first wins. Picture the surge of speed and the urge to be ahead.
可以想成幾個人(或馬、車)站在起點,一聲令下就拚命衝向終點,誰先到誰就贏。畫面想傳達的,就是「往前衝、比誰快、要搶第…更多收起
可以想成幾個人(或馬、車)站在起點,一聲令下就拚命衝向終點,誰先到誰就贏。畫面想傳達的,就是「往前衝、比誰快、要搶第一」這股向前的衝勁。這個 race 跟「比賽」的 race 同源,源自古北歐語 rás(水流奔湧、奔跑)。A second word, same spelling
race
n核心畫面
A large group of people thought of as sharing a common descent or origin — a 'kind' or 'line' of people. This is a different word from race-the-contest, borrowed from Italian 'razza' (breed, ).
可以想成「同一個來歷、同一條血脈的一大群人」——一種「人的類別」。要注意:這個 race 跟「賽跑」的 race 雖…更多收起
可以想成「同一個來歷、同一條血脈的一大群人」——一種「人的類別」。要注意:這個 race 跟「賽跑」的 race 雖然拼法一樣,其實是完全不同的兩個字,借自義大利文 razza(品種、血統),跟奔跑毫無關係。原始詞典資料43 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Racename
- 1
A surname.
racenoun詞源 1/ɹeɪs/
- 1
A contest between people, animals, vehicles, etc. where the goal is to be the first to reach some objective.
- Several horses ran in a horse race: the first one to reach the finishing post won.
- The race to cure cancer
- 2
Swift progress; rapid motion; an instance of moving or driving at high speed.
- The flight of many birds is swifter than the race of any beasts.
- Hence the rapid race / Of light, and lustre from th' effusive sun
- 3
businesscomputingelectrical-engineeringA race condition; a bug or problem that occurs when two or more components attempt to use the same resource at the same time.
- Many problems of oscillations and races are solved by this arrangement.
- Because a race by definition depends on the timing being just wrong, you could test your program any number of times, never observe any misbehavior, and still have a user run into the problem.¶ This occurrence is not just a theoretical possibility: Real programs have race bugs and real users have encountered them, sometimes with consequences that have literally been fatal.
- 4
A sequence of events; a progressive movement toward a goal.
- A race of wicked acts / Shall flow out of my anger, and o’erspread / The world’s wide face[.]
- An offensive war is made, which is unjust in the aggressor; the prosecution and race of the war carrieth the defendant to invade the ancient patrimony of the first aggressor, who is now turned defendant; shall he sit down, and not put himself in defence?
- 5
A fast-moving current of water.
- Here are in these seas two dangerous races, the one called St. Alban's, the other Portland Race.
- The existing analysis and program for the propeller-rudder interaction has been updated incorporating all the improvements concerned with the propeller loading distribution, including that associated with the fact that the rudder is immersed in the race of the propeller.
- 6
A water channel, especially one built to lead water to or from a point where it is utilised, such as that which powers a millwheel.
- Evidently the future manufacturing development depends upon the hydraulic canal, so far as existing works are concerned, rather than upon the two races, which can never be enlarged to embrace a comprehensive improvement of the river, while the capabilities at the hydraulic basin are unrivaled. So far as can be learned there is no expectation of ever increasing materially the capacity of the races.
- Any miners intending to divert and use water for mining or general purposes, or to cut a race or construct dams or reservoirs in connection therewith, shall give notice in writing thereof to the Warden […]
- 7
A path that something or someone moves along.
- My race of glory run, and race of ſhame,
- There were all the marked passages, which had thrilled his soul so often,—words of patriarchs and seers, poets and sages, who from early time had spoken courage to man,—voices from the great cloud of witnesses who ever surround us in the race of life.
- 8
businessmanufacturingsewingA guide or channel that a component of a machine moves along:
- I have lately seen a shuttle machine of Messrs. Grover Baker's construction, in which the shuttle worked in a semi-circular race and produced two stitches at each revolution of the wheel.
- Meanwhile another lug on the shuttle-band engages another carrier at the other end of the loom, and the belt, continuing to move in the same direction, conveys the carrier across the race in a similar manner as above described.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
- 9
engineeringnatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesA guide or channel that a component of a machine moves along:
- inner/outer race
- These bearings do not employ a loading groove or filling slot but utilize an uninterrupted race groove containing the maximum number of balls that can be introduced by eccentric displacement of the races. Due to the relatively large size of the balls and the fact that the ball curvature is only slightly less than the race curvature, the bearings have comparatively high load carrying capacity in both axial and radial directions.
- 10
gamblinggamesA keno gambling session.
- Your odds are sometimes significantly better with video keno […] But because video keno plays so much faster, you're likely to lose more money over a given period. Live keno races start every 10 minutes, but you can make 100 bets on a video version in the same amount of time.
raceverb詞源 1/ɹeɪs/
- 1
To take part in a race (in the sense of a contest).
- The drivers were racing around the track.
- Honesty raced up six lengths in front of Wandering Minstrel, turned, then raced past for the second, and lost his place at the hedge; some work followed to the plantation, but Honesty was always the faster in the racing stretches, and won easily.
- 2
To compete against in a race (contest).
- I raced him to the car, but he was there first, so he got to ride shotgun.
- […]a fresh fox popped out of a pit, and they raced him to Cherrington, where hounds were stopped at dark[…]
- 3
To move or drive at high speed; to hurry or speed.
- As soon as it was time to go home, he raced for the door.
- Her heart was racing as she peered into the dimly lit room.
- 4
To run rapidly when not engaged to a transmission.
- "My mind is like a racing engine, tearing itself to pieces because it is not connected up with the work for which it was built."
- He put the transmission into drive and pressed the gas. The engine raced and the motor home rocked, gently, but did not move forward.
racenoun詞源 2/ɹeɪs/
- 1
A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):
- The Canadian race is one of the most vigorous on the globe.
- Felovves, they ſhall never more us vvithſtonde, / For I ſe them all drovvned in the raſe of Irlonde.
- 2
A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):
- Race was a significant issue during apartheid in South Africa.
- The Native Americans colonized the New World in several waves from Asia, and thus they are considered part of the same Mongoloid race.
- 3
A group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):
- The advent of the Internet has brought about a new race of entrepreneur.
- We toiled not in the acquirement or establishment of them—they are a legacy bequeathed us, by a once hardy, brave, and patriotic, but now lamented and departed race of ancestors.
- 4
fantasyhuman-sciencesliteratureA group of sentient beings, particularly people, distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics (see Wikipedia's article on historical definitions of race):
- A treaty was concluded between the race of elves and the race of men.
- There are two distinct races of gods known to Norse mythology[.]
- 5
A group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species
- [I]nnumerable popingayes of ſundry kindes are found chattering in the groues of thoſe fenny places. […] For in the raſe of this large lande, Colonus [Christopher Columbus] him ſelfe brought and ſent to the courte a greate number of euery kynde, the which it was lawfull for all the people to beholde, and are yet dayly browght in like manner.
- 6
biologynatural-sciencesA group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species:
- Two races are certainly valid. The Atlantic race (P. v. vitulina) is distinguishable from the Pacific race (P. v. richardi Gray, 1864) by skull characters.
- A population that differs signicatly from other populations belonging to the same species is referred to as a geographic race or subspecies. Subspecies are separated from other subspecies by distance and geographic barriers that prevent the exchange of individuals, as opposed to the genetically based "intrinsic isolating mechanisms" that hold species apart.
- 7
biologybotanynatural-sciencesA group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species:
- Nevertheless, as our varieties certainly do occasionally revert in some of their characters to ancestral forms, it seems to me not improbable, that if we could succeed in naturalising, or were to cultivate, during many generations, the several races, for instance, of the cabbage, in very poor soil (in which case, however, some effect would have to be attributed to the direct action of the poor soil), that they would to a large extent, or even wholly, revert to the wild aboriginal stock.
- Tree races develop not only in different latitudes, but also at different altitudes and within mountainous regions. Since climate changes markedly with altitude as well as latitude, both kinds of development are included in the term climatic races. In addition, soil or site races may develop in areas similar climatically but characterized by different soil or site conditions.
- 8
A group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species:
- For do but note a wild and wanton herd, / Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, / Fetching mad bounds.
- They have another breed, called the Dunlop cows, which are allowed to be the best race for yielding milk in Great Britain or Ireland, not only for large quantities, but also for richness in quality.
另外 8 個記錄的用法
- 9
bacteriologybiologymicrobiologyA group of organisms distinguished by common characteristics; often an informal infraspecific rank in taxonomy, below species:
- Now Mary MacDonald of the Plant Breeding Institute at Maris Lane, Cambridge, has made an interesting study which has duplicated the conditions under which new races arise. And she has produced at least one new fungal race.
- The type of microorganisms is a very important factor influencing the quality of cider. Yeast of various producers and races result in different taste and flavor.
- 10
A category or kind of thing distinguished by common characteristics.
- You do not tell me her diſeaſe; and perhaps have not been able yourself fully to underſtand it. I hope it is not of the cephalic race.
- Fair fa' your honest, sonsie face, / Great chieftain o the puddin'-race!
- 11
obsoletePeculiar flavour, taste, or strength, as of wine; that quality, or assemblage of qualities, which indicates origin or kind, as in wine; hence, characteristic flavour.
- Is it [the wine] of the right race?
- On the day following Elizabeth's interview with Gideon, this innocent relish—the olives which gave zest, or the walnuts which gave race and richness, to Monkshaugh's moderate hebdomadal glass of old claret—was not forgotten.
- 12
obsoleteCharacteristic quality or disposition.
- And now I give my sensual race the rein.
- […]some great race of fancy or judgment in the contrivance[…]
- 13
obsoleteThe sexual activity of conceiving and bearing biological offspring.
- It behooveth therefore that the Mares appointed for race, be well compacted, of a decent quality, being fair and beautiful to look upon, the belly and loins being great, in age not under three nor above ten years old.
- Male he created thee, but thy consort / Femal for Race; then bless’d Mankinde, and said, / Be fruitful, multiplie, and fill the Earth[.]
- 14
archaicAncestry, lineage.
- Yes, madam, believe it, she is a gentlewoman of very absolute behaviour, and of a good race.
- Wars of religion, more sanguinary, cruel, and ruinous than even those of Henry the fifth and Edward the third, rise in succession under the three last princes of the race of Valois.
- 15
obsoleteA step in a lineage or succession; a generation.
- In ſeveral orders of knighthood, as in that of Malta, &c. the candidates muſt prove a nobility of four races or deſcents.
- We toiled not in the acquirement or establishment of them—they are a legacy bequeathed us, by a once hardy, brave, and patriotic, but now lamented and departed race of ancestors.
- 16
obsoleteProgeny, offspring, descendants.
- Have I my pillow left unpressed in Rome, / Forborne the getting of a lawful race, / And by a gem of women, to be abused / By one that looks on feeders?
- The good man besought him. Let the king / Propitious hear a parent. In thy train / I have five sons. Ah! leave my eldest born, / Thy future vassal, to sustain my age!' / The tyrant fell reply'd. 'Presumptuous man, / Who art my slave, in this tremendous war, / Is not my person hazarded, my race, / My consort?[']
raceverb詞源 2/ɹeɪs/
- 1
To assign a race to; to perceive as having a (usually specified) race.
- To be raced as black in the U.S. translates symbolically into being considered inferior to whites, lazy, immoral, boisterous, violent, and sexually promiscuous.
- From this perspective, the project of progressive blackness entails the edification of black people and the elimination of all forms of domination that limit this edification for all those raced as black.
- 2
obsoleteTo pass down certain phenotypic traits to offspring.
- D'Hervieux obſerves that it is uſual to put the female canary bird to the male goldfinch, linnet, or the like, to breed; but for his part, he ſhould chuſe to put the male canary-bird to the female goldfinch, linnet, &c. becauſe the male uſually races more than the female, i. e. the young ones take more after the male than after the female.
racenoun詞源 3/ɹeɪs/
- 1
biologybotanynatural-sciencesA rhizome or root, especially of ginger.
- I must have saffron to color the warden pies; mace; dates, none—that's out of my note; nutmegs, seven; a race or two of ginger, but that I may beg; four pounds of prunes, and as many of raisins o' th' sun.
- They have onions and garlick, and some herbs and small roots for sallads; and in the southernmoft parts, ginger growing almost in every place; the large races whereof are there very excellently well preserved, as we may know by our tasting them in England.
raceverb詞源 4/ɹeɪs/
- 1
archaicTo sharpen (a grindstone) by scraping its surface.
- Another source of dust arises from the "hanging" and "racing" of the grindstones. […] This is effected by holding a bar of steel against it whilst it is slowly turned, and is known as "racing" the stone.
- The cracks, owing to the custom of sending the stones with rough surfaces from the quarry, are not so clearly visible until the grinders have 'raced' the stones, or, in other words, smoothed the sides and grinding faces.
- 2
Alternative spelling of raze.
- Buckles and agglettes at vnwares, ſhall race his bowe, a thinge both euill for the fight, ⁊ perillous for freatinge.
- Paine in a horſſes teeth commeth either from pride and corruption of blood, or els from cold rhums, […] the cure is, vvith a ſharp knife to race him alongſt his gummes, cloſe vnder his teeth, both of the inſide and outſide: and then to rubbe them all ouer, either vvith pepper & ſalt vvel mingled together, or vvith claret vvine and pepper heated vpon the fire, […]
- 3
obsoleteAlternative spelling of raze.
- For his further ſecuritie he [Don Roderigo] diſarmed his ſubjects; ſuch Caſtles and ſtrengths as hee vvas jealous of vvere raced, […]
- […] Lyſander the General of the Lacedemonians, […] novv reduces all the Dominions of the Athenians, takes the City, races their VValls, ruins their VVorks, and changes the Form of their Government; […]
- 4
obsoleterareAlternative spelling of raze.
- [T]he king purſude / And furrovved through the thickned troopes. As vvhen tvvo chaced Bores / Turne head gainſt kennels of bold hounds, and race vvay through their gores: […]
- RACER, or ſward-cutter, a cutting implement uſed in racing out or cutting through the ſurface of graſs ſward, dividing it into proper widths, lengths, and thickneſs[…]
- 5
obsoletebusinessclothingfashionAlternative spelling of raze.
- Item an old white sattin dublett laced all over with a small silver lace in a worke raced and cutt betweene
- 6
obsoleteAlternative spelling of raze.
- This indenture is raced all the worlde may ſe it: Ceſte indenture eſt faulcée tout le monde le peult veoyr.
- But I vvill take another order novv, / And race th'eternall Regiſter of time: […]
- 7
obsoleteAlternative spelling of raze.
- The wound alas happe in some other place, / From whence no toole away the skar can race.
- Thus there he ſtood, vvhyleſt high ouer his head, / There vvritten vvas the purport of his ſin, / In cyphers ſtrange, that fevv could rightly read, / BON FONS: but bon that once had vvritten bin, / VVas raced out, and Mal vvas novv put in.
- 8
obsoleteAlternative spelling of raze.
- VVithout reſpect of ſex, degree or age. / He raceth all his foes vvith fire and ſvvord.
- Ile find a day to maſſacre them all, / And race their faction and their familie, […]
raceverb詞源 5/ɹeɪs/
- 1
obsoleteTo pluck or snatch (something); also, to pull (something).
- [H]e be-heilde towarde the fier, and saugh the flesshe that the knaue hadde rosted that was tho I-nough, and raced it of with his hondes madly, and rente it a-sonder in peces, and wette it in mylke, and after in the hony, and ete as a wood man that nought ther lefte of the flessh; […]
- But nowe a ſtronge man not vſed to ſhoote, at a girde, can heue vp ⁊ plucke in ſunder many a good bowe, as wilde horſes at a brunt doth race and plucke in peeces many a ſtronge carte.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。