核心畫面

Think of a hard grey surface that gives nothing back. Push against it and it does not move; look at it and there is nothing there for you. That surface can be a person's face, the front of a building, or the position someone is holding in a fight — the word does not change, only what the hardness belongs to.

可以想成一面又灰又硬的表面,什麼也不回給你。你推它,它不動;你看它,上面沒有東西是給你的。那面表面可以是一個人的臉,更多收起可以想成一面又灰又硬的表面,什麼也不回給你。你推它,它不動;你看它,上面沒有東西是給你的。那面表面可以是一個人的臉,可以是一棟樓的外觀,也可以是有人在爭執裡死守的立場。字沒有變,變的只是那塊硬長在什麼上面。

From the word’s history

The packet's Wiktionary etymology traces dour to Scots dour, possibly from Latin durus 'hard, stern' by way of Middle Irish dur, and lists French dur and Spanish duro as relatives. The hardness in the root is still what every modern use is doing.

來源記錄 dour 借自蘇格蘭語 dour,可能經中古愛爾蘭語 dúr 來自拉丁文 dūrus(硬的、嚴厲的),並列出法文 dur、西班牙文 duro 這些親戚。字根裡的那塊「硬」,就是今天每個用法在做的事。

Wiktionary etymology supplied in packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:864166236)

Two branches

不給溫度的臉與地方

硬的那一面朝向你,於是你什麼也拿不到。差別只在硬的是一個人的臉,還是一整條街。

adjective · C2

Describing a person who looks serious and unfriendly and almost never smiles, or the face, voice or silence that such a person gives you.

陰沉的;板著臉的

不肯退讓的硬

這一支用的是硬的另一個性質:不會彎。前面兩個意思是「你看到的」,這個是「你推得動推不動」。離拉丁文 dūrus 最近。

adjective · C2

Describing a person, a fight or an effort that will not give way: hard, stubborn, going on and on without anything pleasant about it.

頑強不退讓的;硬碰硬的