核心畫面
You can picture tough as a material that won't give way — leather, an old work boot, a thick rope. You can bend it, pull it, chew it, throw it around, and it still doesn't break or wear out. From that one picture of 'resists pressure, doesn't break' the whole word spreads out: tough bodies, tough situations, tough people, even tough talk.
可以想成一塊不肯屈服的材料——像皮革、一隻穿很久的工作靴、一條粗繩。你可以折它、拉它、咬它、摔它,它就是不破、不裂、…更多收起
可以想成一塊不肯屈服的材料——像皮革、一隻穿很久的工作靴、一條粗繩。你可以折它、拉它、咬它、摔它,它就是不破、不裂、也不容易磨壞。tough 整個詞都從這個「扛得住壓力、不會壞掉」的畫面長出去:扛得住的身體、扛得住的處境、扛得住的人,甚至扛得住場面的硬話。原始詞典資料15 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Toughname
- 1
A surname.
toughadj/tʌf/
- 1
Of a material, strong and resilient; sturdy.
- The tent, made of tough canvas, held up to many abuses.
- 2
Of food, difficult to cut or chew.
- To soften a tough cut of meat, the recipe suggested simmering it for hours.
- 3
Of a person or animal, rugged or physically hardy.
- Only a tough species will survive in the desert.
- But before you quit turkey hunting and take up model-train collecting, let me give you the good news: you can score on tough turkeys. In fact, you can kill the toughest turkey in the woods.
- 4
Of a person, stubborn or persistent; capable of stubbornness or persistence.
- He had a reputation as a tough negotiator.
- 5
informalclimatologymeteorologynatural-sciencesOf weather, harsh or severe.
- 6
Rowdy or rough.
- A bunch of the tough boys from the wrong side of the tracks threatened him.
- 7
datedslangCool, awesome, great.
- They played a Beatle interview album on WBZ Boston radio. Real tough!
- 8
informalOf a question, difficult or demanding.
- This is a tough crowd.
- 1998, Lois Liederman Davitz, Joel Robert Davitz, 20 Tough Questions Teenagers Ask and 20 Tough Answers, Paulist Press, pages 6-7, But let's get back to the tough question about sex before marriage. And this is a tough question. In fact we would rank the question you've both raised as pretty high on our list of tough questions.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
- 9
sciencesciencesUndergoing plastic deformation before breaking.
- 10
informalStrict, not lenient.
- tough on crime
- President Joe Biden is embracing tougher border measures, including shutting down the US-Mexico border, marking a stark shift from his early days in office as he tries to fend off former President Donald Trump’s attacks on immigration policy ahead of the election.
toughintj/tʌf/
- 1
slangUsed to indicate lack of sympathy
- If you don't like it, tough!
- No one ever came to me and told me they didn't like the song, but people had mentioned stuff to other members of the band, who, surprisingly enough, stuck up for me. They were straight but they said, you know, tough. He's our singer, and we like his music.
toughnoun/tʌf/
- 1
A person who obtains things by force; a thug or bully.
- They were doing fine until they encountered a bunch of toughs from the opposition.
- One of his best stories was "Barney Oldfield's Race for a Life" (1914), of which there survives only an amusing still, showing poor Mabel Normand chained to the rails by two toughs, the moustached villain threatening her with a sledge-hammer, and an awful sense of that inexorably approaching express!
toughverb/tʌf/
- 1
To endure.
- We shall reminisce on how we toughed it through the winters as they reached the firm, long arm around to give the cold embrace, with ardor seldom loosed till warm winds Marched or Apriled in to soften winter's knuckles -- send rivulets of courage down to dandelions and tulips.
- “No,” said Minott, “I've toughed it through the winter, and i want to stay and hear the bluebirds once more.
- 2
To toughen.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。