喜樂美語

核心畫面

You can picture one basic action behind the whole word: pushing a gap shut so the two edges meet and nothing can pass through — a door swung shut against its frame, two lips of a wound brought together. Everything else in 'close' grows out of that one gesture of bringing-together-until-no-space-is-left. Two big branches sprout from it: (a) shutting something off / bringing it to an end, and (b) the surprising one — if you keep closing the gap between two things, they end up NEAR each other, which is how 'close' also came to mean 'near, almost touching'.

可以把整個字想成一個最基本的動作：把一道縫推到合上，讓兩邊的邊緣碰在一起、中間不留空隙——像門被推回門框、像傷口的兩…更多收起可以把整個字想成一個最基本的動作：把一道縫推到合上，讓兩邊的邊緣碰在一起、中間不留空隙——像門被推回門框、像傷口的兩邊被拉攏。其他所有意思都是從這個「合攏到沒有空隙」的手勢長出來的。它分兩大支：一支是把東西關掉、收尾、結束；另一支很有意思——如果你一直把兩樣東西之間的縫隙縮小，它們最後就會「靠得很近」，這就是 close 後來也用來表示「近、幾乎要碰到」的由來。

原始詞典資料67 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Closename/kləʊs/

  • 1

    A surname.

closeverb詞源 1/ˈkləʊz/

  • 1

    To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

    • Close the door behind you when you leave.
    • Many flowers close at night.
  • 2

    To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

    • They closed the road for the festival.
    • Ice has closed the channel to shipping.
  • 3

    To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

    • As we penetrated further, the forest closed around us.
  • 4

    To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

    • He has closed his mind to new ideas.
  • 5

    engineeringnatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesTo remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

  • 6

    businesselectrical-engineeringelectricityTo remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

  • 7

    To remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

    • 1856-1858, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Phillip II They boldly closed in a hand-to-hand contest.
  • 8

    hobbieslifestylesportsTo remove or block an opening, gap or passage through.

另外 14 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    To finish.

    • The committee chairman made a few concluding remarks and then closed the session.
    • to close a bargain;   to close a course of instruction
  • 10

    To finish.

    • The debate closed at six o'clock.
  • 11

    businessmarketingTo finish.

  • 12

    To finish.

    • Nirvana closed the festival.
  • 13

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesTo finish.

    • He has closed the last two games for his team.
  • 14

    businessfinanceTo finish.

  • 15

    To make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • We are closing the phone lines at 9 pm.
    • Your account has been closed because of non-payment.
  • 16

    To make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • Phone lines will close in ten minutes.
    • Our options are closing fast.
  • 17

    To make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • The supermarket closes at eight o'clock.
    • Lots of shops in the town centre have closed because of the recession.
  • 18

    To make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • Whoever closed last night forgot to turn off the closet light.
  • 19

    computingengineeringmathematicsTo make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • Close the file when you have finished reading data.
    • This app has a bug: when you try to sort a large spreadsheet, it closes.
  • 20

    To make or become non-operational or unavailable for use.

    • Please close the lights, the (electric) fan, the TV.
  • 21

    To come or gather around; to enclose.

    • The depth closed me round about.
    • But now Thou dost Thyself immure and close / In some one corner of a feeble heart; / Where yet both Sinne and Satan, Thy old foes, / Do pinch and straiten Thee, and use much art / To gain Thy thirds' and little part.
  • 22

    geographynatural-sciencessurveyingTo have a vector sum of 0; that is, to form a closed polygon.

closenoun詞源 1/ˈkləʊz/

  • 1

    An end or conclusion.

    • We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close.
    • His long and troubled life was drawing to a close.
  • 2

    The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction.

    • The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.
  • 3

    The point at the end of a sales pitch when the consumer is asked to buy.

    • Regardless of the situation, the minute you feel it's time for the close, try it.
  • 4

    A grapple in wrestling.

    • The intestine shocke, And furious cloze of ciuill Butchery.
  • 5

    entertainmentlifestylemusicThe conclusion of a strain of music; cadence.

    • At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.
  • 6

    entertainmentlifestylemusicA double bar marking the end.

  • 7

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationThe time when check-in staff will no longer accept passengers for a flight.

closeadj詞源 2/kləʊs/

  • 1

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • Is your house close?
    • Christmas is getting close.
  • 2

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • No, but you were close.
    • We were so close to winning!
  • 3

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • Phew! That was close!
  • 4

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • Their ages are quite close.
    • His face is a close fit with the artist's impression.
  • 5

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • a close translation; a close copy
  • 6

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • He is a close friend.
    • My brother and I were close when we were younger, but not so much now.
  • 7

    Having little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

    • We have a close affiliation with the college.
    • I keep in close contact with my former colleagues.
  • 8

    lifestylesexsexualityHaving little difference or distance in place, position, or abstractly; see also close to.

另外 20 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • a close alley; close quarters; close confines
    • [...] he took to wondering what possible temptation could have induced a dingy-looking fly that was crawling over his pantaloons, to come into a close prison, when he had the choice of so many airy situations [...]
  • 10

    Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • For this job it's best to use wood with a close grain.
    • These trousers are a close fit.
  • 11

    Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • He was captured and kept a close prisoner.
  • 12

    Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • The pregnancy was a close secret.
    • His lawyers have so far kept this information close.
  • 13

    lawCompressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

  • 14

    Compressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, [...] and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.
    • 1907, Algernon Blackwood, The Dance of Death …the artificial light and close air of his high office stool …
  • 15

    climatologymeteorologynatural-sciencesCompressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

  • 16

    archaicCompressed, restricted, constrained, etc.

    • The golden globe being put into a press, [...] the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.
  • 17

    Rigorous, careful, etc.

    • The patient was kept under close observation.
    • Keep a close eye on him.
  • 18

    Rigorous, careful, etc.

    • This issue merits close examination.
    • Unfortunately, on close reading of the Ts and Cs, it appears that your insurance does not cover this.
  • 19

    Rigorous, careful, etc.

  • 20

    Short.

    • to cut grass or hair close
  • 21

    archaicClosed, shut.

    • There is no thinge ſo cloſe / that ſhall not be openned / and no thinge ſo hyd that ſhall not be knowen.
    • As the alchymists were assiduous workmen—as they mixed all the metals, salts, &c... and subjected such mixtures to the action of heat in close vessels, their labours were occasionally repaid by the discovery of new substances...
  • 22

    human-scienceslinguisticsphoneticsArticulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate.

  • 23

    governmentheraldryhobbiesWith its wings at its side, closed, held near to its body (typically also statant); (of wings) in this posture.

    • Crest, a cockatrice, wings close, vert, combed and wattled gu.
    • Sable, an eagle close or - ROPER, Derby. / Sable, a chevron ermine between three eagles close argent - GAMES, Leicester, granted 1614. / Sable a chevron between three eagles close argent - JERVOISE.
  • 24

    datedDifficult to obtain.

    • Money is close.
    • Some of these parties have not paid their last payment, because money was close last fall.
  • 25

    datedParsimonious; stingy.

    • Yet were these Florentines as self-retired / In hungry pride and gainful cowardice, / As two close Hebrews in that land inspired, / Paled in and vineyarded from beggar-spies; [...]
    • [...] he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice.
  • 26

    obsoleteOut of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden.

    • He yet kept himself close because of Saul.
    • her close intent
  • 27

    archaicConcise; to the point.

    • close reasoning
    • Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass.
  • 28

    Marked, evident.

closeadv詞源 2/kləʊs/

  • 1

    In a close manner (limited contexts; more often closely).

    • The car behind was following too close and could not brake in time.
    • Please stay close together.
  • 2

    In a close manner (limited contexts; more often closely).

    • Look close at the pictures.
  • 3

    In a close manner (limited contexts; more often closely).

    • close-packed, close-knit, close-fitting

closenoun詞源 2/kləʊs/

  • 1

    A street that ends in a dead end.

  • 2

    historicalPrivate fenced land, such as a paddock, orchard or yard, that, along with the common pasture land and woodland, constituted the inarable component of the open-field system of the medieval manor in England.

    • To be SOLD, At Mr. PACEY's, the WHITE LION in Nottingham, on Thursday the 28th Day of May, between the Hours of three and six in the Afternoon; THE INHERITANCE in Fee Simple of the MANOR of ALSWORTH, otherwise AWSWORTH, in the County of Nottingham, and also several Messuages and Tenements, with the Closes and Parcels of Land, Meadow, and Pasture Ground thereto belonging,...
    • By 1765, rapid enclosure was underway in the surrounding area (open fields replaced by the modern system of private fields). By the time of the 1846 ‘Tithe Map and Award’ very little remained of the original agricultural system other than indications in field names, such as Ginn Close, Straw Close, Crab Tree Close, Noble Close, Tinker Close, Laine Close, Hansack Close, Hansacky, Little Hansacky, The Pringle and Dole Meadow. (Note – ‘Close’ meaning an enclosure).
  • 3

    archaicAn enclosed field, especially a field enclosed around a (usually religious) building (e.g. a cathedral close).

  • 4

    A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor.

  • 5

    The common staircase in a tenement.

    • The woman nodded at a nearby flight of steps. 'This is my close. We can talk in here. Come on.'.
    • closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.
  • 6

    lawThe interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。