遵守規矩與習俗
這一條走的是 observe 更古老的那一層意思——「守著、照著做」，而不是從「觀察」延伸出來的。看到它時，把它當成另一條線來記比較不會混淆。
compliance (with a rule) · noun · C1
the act of obeying a rule or a law, or of following a custom in the way people expect.
遵守
核心畫面
One way to picture observation: keeping your eyes on something long enough to learn from it. From that watching come the things you notice and the remarks you make about them. The fourth sense — keeping a rule or a custom — looks unrelated, but the older meaning of observe was exactly that: to keep to something.
可以想成 observation 是「盯著一樣東西看得夠久，久到看出東西來」。從這份注視，長出了你注意到的細節，以及…更多收起
可以想成 observation 是「盯著一樣東西看得夠久，久到看出東西來」。從這份注視，長出了你注意到的細節，以及你把它說出來的那句評論。第四個意思「遵守規矩」乍看毫無關聯，但 observe 更早的意思正是這個：守著、照著做。From the word’s history
From Latin observare 'watch over, note, heed, look to, attend to, guard, regard, comply with', from ob- 'in front of' + servare 'to watch, keep safe'. English took the 'keep to, carry out, follow (a rule or custom)' sense first, in the late 14c.; the 'watch, perceive, notice' sense only appears around the 1560s, and 'say by way of remark' around 1600.
來自拉丁文 observare「看守、留意、遵照」，由 ob-（在…前面）加 servare（看守、保全）組成。英文先在 14 世紀晚期收下「守著、照著做（規矩或習俗）」這一層；「觀看、注意到」要到 1560 年代才出現，「說出觀察到的話」約在 1600 年。所以「遵守」不是從「觀察」延伸出來的偏門用法，兩邊都是這個拉丁字根本來就有的意思。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com/word/observe)
From the picture
Also in this word
watching carefully · noun · B1
the act of watching someone or something carefully for a period of time, so that you can learn about them.
觀察
noted detail · noun · B2
a fact or detail that you notice when you watch someone or something carefully.
觀察結果；發現
remark · noun · B2
a remark in which you say or write what you have noticed about something.
評論；見解
原始詞典資料8 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
observationnoun/ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn̩/
- 1
The act of observing, and the fact of being observed (see observance)
- But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud,[…]. We began to tell her about Mohair and the cotillon, and of our point of observation from the Florentine galleried porch, and she insisted she would join us there.
- The physics of elementary particles in the 20th century was distinguished by the observation of particles whose existence had been predicted by theorists sometimes decades earlier.
- 2
The act of noting and recording some event; or the record of such noting.
- 3
A remark or comment.
- That's a foolish observation.
- To observations which ourselves we make / We grow more partial for the observer's sake.
- 4
A judgement based on observing.
- This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.
- 5
An evaluation conducted through observing.
- I need to do your observation before the end of the week.
- 6
Performance of what is prescribed; adherence in practice; observance.
- We are to procure dispensation or leave to omit the observation of it in such circumstances.
- 7
A regime under which a subject is routinely observed.
- 8
A realization of a random variable.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。