Disobedience is the act of not doing what someone in charge told you to do — a parent, a teacher, a boss, a rule, a law. It names the behaviour, not the person. At home and at school it often means a child who will not follow instructions. In more serious talk it can mean refusing an order or a law. The word is a little formal; everyday English might just say not doing as you were told, or breaking the rules. Though actually, people stretch it: some “disobedience” is a small no at home, and some is a public stand against a rule the person thinks is wrong. The word itself does not tell you if the speaker thinks the no was bad or brave — that depends who is talking.