核心畫面

Picture a line running between a person and the world, the line that carries cold, pain, danger, praise. Insensible is what you say when nothing comes along that line. The useful thing about the word is that it never says which end is at fault. Usually it is the person: the hands stop reporting the cold, the warning does not land, or the body is out altogether and every line is dead at once. But the same shape works from the other end, where the person is fine and the thing is simply too small or too slow for any sense to catch. One old branch leaves the body behind and follows the other meaning of sense — not what you feel, but what words mean — so a document nobody can read a meaning into is insensible too.

可以想成人跟世界之間有一條線。冷、痛、危險、稱讚,都從這條線送過來。當這條線上什麼都沒有送到,英文就用 insens更多收起可以想成人跟世界之間有一條線。冷、痛、危險、稱讚,都從這條線送過來。當這條線上什麼都沒有送到,英文就用 insensible。這個字最有意思的地方,是它從來沒有說問題出在哪一端。多半是在人這邊:手感覺不到冷、警訊沒有進來、或者整個人昏過去,所有線一起斷掉。但同一個形狀也可以反過來讀:人好好的,是那個東西太小、太慢,任何感官都接不上。另外還有一支比較舊的用法離開了身體,接的是 sense 的另一個意思——不是感覺,而是話裡的意思。所以一份讀不出意思的文件,英文也可以說它 insensible。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary traces it through Middle English and Old French to Late Latin insensibilis: in- not, plus the sense root, plus -ible able to be. The literal reading is not able to be felt, and it does not specify who fails to feel.

Wiktionary 說它經過中古英文、古法文,來自晚期拉丁文 īnsēnsibilis。拆開是 in-(不)加上 sens-(感覺,跟 sense 同源)加上 -ible(可以⋯⋯的)。字面就是「感覺不到的」。重點在於這個字面沒有指明是誰感覺不到,這正好對上它今天往兩邊發展的用法。

Wiktionary entry for insensible, etymology: From Middle English insensible, from Old French insensible, from Late Latin insensibilis. Source ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1110432393:24697

Three branches

人這邊接不到

這一支是核心畫面最直接的用法:線是通的,人這端沒有反應。三個意思的差別,在於斷掉的是哪一條線、斷了幾條。

adjective · C2

Not knowing about or not noticing something that is happening to you or could happen to you, especially a danger. It is followed by of: insensible of the risk.

渾然不覺的

東西那邊太細微

同一條線上還是沒有東西送到,但這次不是人的問題。把畫面的責任端調換過來,就得到這一支。

adjective · C2

Too small, too slow or too slight to be noticed by the senses. An insensible change is one that is really happening but that nobody can see or feel happening.

察覺不到的

讀不出意思的

英文的 sense 同時裝著「感覺」和「意思」。前面幾支都走感覺那一條,這一支走意思那一條,所以形容的對象從人變成文字。這是概念上的另一條岔路,不是另一個字源。

adjective · C2

Impossible to understand, or carrying no clear meaning at all. This is an old use, found mostly in old legal and formal writing, where a document that says nothing clear can be called insensible.

文義不通的