東西咬不動、扯不斷(物質的韌)
這一族就是核心畫面本身:材料或食物在外力下不讓步。
material durability · noun · C2
The quality of a material that does not break, tear, or wear out easily.
強韌
One way to picture it: a material you pull, bend, or chew that refuses to give way — it does not tear, snap, or . From that stubborn refusal to yield, the word spreads to bodies, people, rules, and situations.
Five branches
東西咬不動、扯不斷(物質的韌)
這一族就是核心畫面本身:材料或食物在外力下不讓步。
material durability · noun · C2
The quality of a material that does not break, tear, or wear out easily.
強韌
人撐得住(身體與心理的韌)
材料在外力下不變形,人在壓力下不崩潰——同一個畫面換了受力的對象。
resilience · noun · C2
The quality of staying strong in body or in feelings, so you can deal with hard situations.
堅韌/韌性
事情本身很難啃
從「材料不讓步」翻到對面來看:不讓步的東西就是難處理的東西,於是難度本身也叫 toughness。
difficulty of a task · noun · C2
How hard a job, race, year, or life is to do or to deal with, when it takes a lot of effort or weighs on your feelings.
艱難
「我不同情你」——只活在固定說法裡
跟核心的連結在「不軟化」:材料不變軟,這裡是說話的人不心軟。但這些用法都黏在 tough 的固定句型上,名詞 toughness 完全不進入這些場合。
that's tough! · noun · C2
Used when you do not feel sorry for someone. This meaning lives on Tough! and That's tough!, not on the noun toughness.
那又怎樣
嚴中有愛(tough love)
這一族把「不讓步」和「為對方好」綁在一起:不心軟,正是因為在乎。
tough love · noun · C2
A way of helping someone change by being kind but also strict. This meaning lives on the phrase tough love, not on toughness.
嚴愛
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
toughnessnoun
natural-sciencesphysical-sciencesphysicsThe state of being tough.
The state of being tough.
A formidable difficulty.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。