管教與訓練別人
最貼近核心的一支：由外部的人來教、來管、來塑形，讓對方學會守規矩。
discipline (training) · noun · B2
A way of training people so they learn to control how they act and follow the rules.
紀律 / 管教
核心畫面
A useful way to hold 'discipline': it is the training that shapes how someone acts — you teach and drill a person (or yourself) until following the rules becomes steady and automatic. Everything else is that same shaping seen from a different angle.
可以想成一種「把人塑形」的訓練：透過反覆教導與練習，讓一個人（或你自己）慢慢學會按規矩行動，直到守規矩變成穩定、自然…更多收起
可以想成一種「把人塑形」的訓練：透過反覆教導與練習，讓一個人（或你自己）慢慢學會按規矩行動，直到守規矩變成穩定、自然的習慣。discipline 其他的意思，其實都是同一個「塑形」動作換個角度看。From the word’s history
From Latin disciplina 'instruction, training', from discipulus 'learner, pupil' (the same root behind 'disciple'). At heart the word is about a learner being taught and trained — the punishment, self-control and field-of-study senses all grew out of that.
源自拉丁文 disciplina「教導、訓練」，來自 discipulus「學生、學習者」（也是 disciple 門徒的字根）。這個字骨子裡講的是「學習者被教、被練」——後來的懲戒、自制、學科等意思，都是從這個核心長出來的。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com/word/discipline)
Four branches
自律
把「塑形」的主角從別人換成自己：不再靠外人管，而是自己管自己。
self-control · noun · B2
The ability to control your own actions, so you do what you should do even when it is hard.
自律 / 自制力
磨練心志的功課
把塑形具體化成一項「要反覆去做的活動」——透過這活動來鍛鍊自己。
discipline (practice, mental training) · noun · B2
An activity or practice that trains your mind or helps you learn to control how you act.
修練 / 磨練
學科領域
回到字根 disciplina「教導的一門學問」：一整套要被學習、被鑽研的知識體系。
academic field · noun · B2
An area of knowledge or study, such as history, science, or maths, especially one taught at a university.
學科 / 領域
原始詞典資料14 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
disciplinenoun/ˈdɪsɪplɪn/
- 1
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- The most perfect, who have their passions in the best discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their guard.
- 2
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- The masters looked unusually stern, but it was the sternness of thought rather than of discipline.
- 3
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience.
- Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as his children. For what children are not disciplined by their father?
- 4
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part, / Obey the rules and discipline of art.
- 5
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- 6
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
- giving her the discipline of the strap
- 7
CatholicismChristianityA controlled behaviour; self-control.
- All she had done was give Teena a cilice, a barbed metal chain she was to tie around her thigh for two hours every day, and a discipline, a rope whip with knotted ends she was to use on her back when she prayed the Hail Mary.
- 8
A controlled behaviour; self-control.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
- 9
A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice.
- Near-synonyms: specialty, speciality, specialism
- academic disciplines
- 10
A specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice.
disciplineverb/ˈdɪsɪplɪn/
- 1
To train someone by instruction and practice.
- 2
To teach someone to obey authority.
- 3
To punish someone in order to (re)gain control.
- 4
To impose order on someone.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。