喜樂美語

這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 忍住；壓下衝動 · 再壓一次；再版壓製（唱片）

1

repress

verb

核心畫面

You can think of repress as a flat hand laid on something that wants to rise. A laugh is on its way to the face; a memory is on its way up from years ago; a crowd of people is on its way into the street. In each picture the thing has its own force and is already moving, and something heavier comes down on top of it and holds it where it is. Nothing is destroyed in this picture — it is held. That is why the pressure has to keep being applied, and why what was repressed can come back up the moment the hand lifts.

「repress」可以想成一隻手，按在一個正要往上冒的東西上面。笑意正要浮到臉上。一段往事正要從很多年前浮上來。一群…更多收起「repress」可以想成一隻手，按在一個正要往上冒的東西上面。笑意正要浮到臉上。一段往事正要從很多年前浮上來。一群人正要走上街。三個畫面裡，那個東西本身都有力量，而且已經在動了。然後有個更重的東西壓下來，把它按在原地。特別要注意的是：這個畫面裡沒有任何東西被消滅，只是被按住。所以力量得一直維持著。手一放開，被壓住的東西就可能再上來。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary traces repress to Latin repressus, the perfect passive participle of reprimō, and the parts are re- plus press — pressed back. The modern picture of holding something down is the same picture the Latin word carried.

根據所附的維基詞典資料，repress 最終來自拉丁文 repressus，是動詞 reprimō 的過去分詞；拆開來是 re-（往回）加 press（壓），也就是「壓回去」。今天「把東西按住」的畫面，跟這個字原本帶的畫面是同一個。

Wiktionary entry supplied in this evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:660522855): "Ultimately from Latin repressus, the perfect passive participle of reprimō"

Two branches

按住自己心裡冒上來的東西

這一家的手和被按住的東西在同一個人身上。你自己就是那隻手，也是那個正要冒上來的東西。差別只在按多久、以及你知不知道自己在按。

verb · B2

To stop yourself from doing or showing something you want to do, by holding it down inside you. The feeling is already there — a smile, a laugh, a yawn, the wish to shout — and you use your own will to keep it from coming out.

忍住；壓下衝動

用力量按住一群人

手變成了政府、軍隊或警察，被按住的東西變成一群人和他們想做的事。畫面沒有換，只是放大：底下那股力量還在，只是被更大的力量壓在原地。

verb · B2

When a government, an army or a police force represses a group of people, it uses its power and force to stop them acting freely — breaking up their meetings, closing their newspapers, punishing those who speak.

鎮壓；壓制

A second word, same spelling

2

repress

verb, noun

核心畫面

A second, unrelated word wears the same spelling. Here you can think of re- as the re- in replay and — do it again — sitting in front of the ordinary word press. So the picture is simply a press that happens a second time: lips pressed together, opened, and pressed again; a machine that stamped out a batch of records switched back on to stamp out another batch from the same master. Nothing is being held down in this picture at all.

同樣的拼法底下，其實是另一個字。這裡的 re- 可以想成 replay、rewrite 裡的那個 re-：再做一次。…更多收起同樣的拼法底下，其實是另一個字。這裡的 re- 可以想成 replay、rewrite 裡的那個 re-：再做一次。後面接的就是普通的 press（壓）。所以畫面很單純：同一個「壓」的動作，再來一次。嘴唇抿一下、放開、再抿一次。壓過一批唱片的機器，再開起來，用同一個母盤再壓一批。這個畫面裡沒有任何東西被按住，跟「壓抑」那個字完全是兩回事。

From the word’s history

The Wiktionary evidence gives this entry a separate etymology from the Latin one: English re- plus English press.

所附的維基詞典把這個字列在另一條詞源底下：英文的 re- 加上英文的 press，跟拉丁文 reprimō 那條路無關。

Wiktionary entry supplied in this evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:660541745): "From re- + press."

原始詞典資料4 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

repressverb詞源 1/ɹəˈpɹɛs/

  • 1

    To forcefully prevent an upheaval from developing further.

    • to repress rebellion or sedition
    • to repress the first risings of discontent
  • 2

    To check; to keep back.

    • Deſire of wine and all delicious drinks […] Thou couldſt repreſs,

repressverb詞源 2

  • 1

    To press again.

    • to repress a vinyl record
    • It had been a fraught car journey. From it my abiding memory is Charlie Troy having a deep but short-lived relationship with a smoking cigarette, rummaging after in the depthless depth of a shiny black handbag for a forbidden lipstick, finding it, applying it in Heaney’s mirror with a magician’s dexterity that defied the inconsistencies of the road, pressing, unpressing, and repressing her lips until the look came to her satisfaction and the bow was drawn.

repressnoun詞源 2

  • 1

    A record pressed again; a repressing.

    • Save for the shows he actually taped — Dylan, Springsteen, Page & Plant and other kindred spirits — his own titles by 1994 were just represses of hard-to-find Japanese or American titles.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。