喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture the side that moves towards the other — pushing forward, hitting first, taking ground — as opposed to the side that holds and blocks. That forward-striking position runs through the whole word. Point it at an enemy and it is military; point it at a goal line and it is sport; point words at a person and they are offensive to hear; and a smell strong enough to feel like a blow gets the same label.

可以想成：一場對峙裡「往前打」的那一方——推進、先出手、搶地盤，跟守著、擋著的那一方相對。整個字都繞著這個「向前出擊…更多收起可以想成：一場對峙裡「往前打」的那一方——推進、先出手、搶地盤，跟守著、擋著的那一方相對。整個字都繞著這個「向前出擊」的位置。對著敵人，就是軍事上的攻勢；對著球門，就是運動上的進攻；把話語對著一個人打過去，聽的人就覺得被冒犯；而一股濃到像被打了一下的氣味，英文也用同一個字。

Three branches

一波攻勢（名詞）

名詞面：把「向前打」變成一段有計畫、持續進行的行動。

military attack · noun · B2

A large, planned attack by an army that continues over a period of time.

攻勢

用來進攻的（形容詞）

形容詞面，正對著 defensive：這個東西的用途是往前打，不是守。

for attacking, not defense · adjective · B2

Used or intended for attacking, rather than for defending.

攻擊的

打在感受上的

把「往前打」對準人的感受：話語或氣味像一記打過來的東西，讓人不舒服。

rude, insulting · adjective · B2

Very rude, in a way that hurts or angers people.

冒犯的

原始詞典資料5 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

offensiveadj/əˈfɛnsɪv/

  • 1

    Causing offense; arousing a visceral reaction of disgust, anger, hatred, sadness, or indignation.

    • Some people find pornography offensive.
    • An offensive smell.
  • 2

    Relating to an offense or attack, as opposed to defensive.

    • The army's offensive capabilities. An offensive weapon.
    • In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.
  • 3

    hobbieslifestylesportsHaving to do with play directed at scoring.

    • The offensive coordinator is responsible for ordering all rushing plays.

offensivenoun/əˈfɛnsɪv/

  • 1

    governmentmilitarypoliticsAn attack.

    • The Marines today launched a major offensive.
    • In Central Hupeh, the Japanese launched another offensive from the Kingshan region, but instead of moving southwestward to cooperate with another column of theirs to capture Shasi, this column swerved to the northwest and succeeded in capturing Chunghsiang on the Han River.
  • 2

    The posture of attacking or being able to attack.

    • He took the offensive in the press, accusing his opponent of corruption.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。