核心畫面

You can think of capricious as a needle that will not settle. It swings one way, then the other, and nothing you can see is pushing it. That is why the word carries a complaint: the trouble is not the change itself but that nobody around it can prepare.

capricious 可以想成一根停不下來的指針。它往這邊擺一下,又往那邊擺一下。你看不到是什麼在推它。這就是這個字更多收起capricious 可以想成一根停不下來的指針。它往這邊擺一下,又往那邊擺一下。你看不到是什麼在推它。這就是這個字最不好受的地方。麻煩的不是「變」,是「沒有理由地變」。有理由的改變,別人還可以跟上。沒有理由的改變,旁邊的人只能一直猜。所以無論是用在人身上,還是用在風和天氣上,這個字都帶著「靠不住」的意思。

From the word’s history

From caprice + -ious, borrowed through Middle French capricieux from Italian capriccioso. A caprice is a sudden idea with nothing behind it, which is exactly what the modern word describes.

這個字借自中古法文 capricieux,再往上來自義大利文 capriccioso。從字面拆開看,是 caprice(一時興起的念頭)加上 -ious(帶有某種性質的)。caprice 就是一個突然冒出來、背後沒有道理的念頭,這正好說明了 capricious 今天在講什麼。

Wiktionary etymology supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:208865186:21489): borrowed from Middle French capricieux, from Italian capriccioso, from capriccio; by surface analysis caprice + -ious.

Two branches

人:說變就變,靠不住

指針在人身上:心情一擺,別人的日子就跟著擺。

adjective · C1

Changing your mind or your behaviour suddenly, for no reason that other people can follow, so that nobody around you can guess what you will do next.

反覆無常的

自然:風、天氣、光線

把同一根指針交給自然:風和天氣也被寫得像有脾氣,說變就變。

adjective · C2

Used about wind, weather, light or luck: changing quickly and suddenly, so that it cannot be depended on.

(風、天氣)變化無常的