核心畫面

One way to hold this word: a single sound, held high and long, that you cannot ignore. A child crying and not stopping. A turning the corner. The word does not really name sadness — it names that shape of sound. Once you hear the shape, every other use of the word follows: a mouth, a chimney, a , a saxophone can all make it.

可以想成一條又高又長、拉著不放的聲音:小孩哭到停不下來的那一聲,救護車從街角拉過去的那一聲。這個字真正指的其實不是難更多收起可以想成一條又高又長、拉著不放的聲音:小孩哭到停不下來的那一聲,救護車從街角拉過去的那一聲。這個字真正指的其實不是難過,而是聲音的形狀——長、高、傳得遠、你想不聽也不行。先聽見這個形狀,其他用法就都接得上:一張嘴、一根煙囪、一支警笛、一把薩克斯風,都發得出這個聲音。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary dates wail to about 1300, from Old Norse væla, from væ / vei 'woe' — the same root family as English woe. The verb is first attested in the intransitive sense, and the noun came from the verb.

根據 Wiktionary,wail 約在 1300 年進入英文,來自古北歐語 væla,字根是 væ/vei「哀」,跟英文的 woe 同一家。資料也說明:不及物的用法最早出現,及物的用法到十四世紀中才長出來,名詞則是從動詞來的。可以想成這個字一開始就是「把 woe 發成聲音」。

Wiktionary (kaikki extract, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:672847034), etymology 1 for 'wail'

Four branches

人放聲長哭

最貼近核心畫面的一家:聲音真的從一個人嘴裡出來。

verb · B2

To cry out with a long, high sound, usually because you are very sad, frightened, or in pain.

嚎哭;放聲哀嚎

把話用那個聲音喊出來

聲音的形狀沒變,只是這次裡面裝了句子。

verb · B2

To say something in a loud, sad, complaining voice, as if you feel helpless. What the person says is the object of the verb, usually written out before it: 'But what shall I do?' he wailed.

哭喊著說;哀怨地說

東西發出同樣的長聲

把聲音的形狀從人身上搬到東西上,難過的部分留在身後,只留下聲音。

verb · B2

To make a long, high sound like someone crying — used about the wind, sirens, alarms, and instruments.

發出長而尖的聲音

樂器上的火力全開

還是那條長而高的聲音,但這次是故意放出來的,而且是好事。

verb · C1

To play or sing with great energy and force, so that the music really carries — slang used mostly about jazz, rock, guitars and saxophones. It is a compliment.

(樂手)火力全開地演奏