核心畫面

You can think of unsteady as one picture: something that is not being held firm. Put a ladder on soft ground and it rocks whenever you move; it has not fallen, and you would not stand on it either. Everything the word does comes from that rocking. Sometimes the rocking is in a body, sometimes in a voice, sometimes in a peace deal or a month's income — but in every case the thing is still up, still moving, and not to be counted on.

「unsteady」可以想成同一個畫面:一樣東西沒有被穩住。梯子放在軟土上,人一動它就搖。它還沒倒,但也沒有人敢站上更多收起「unsteady」可以想成同一個畫面:一樣東西沒有被穩住。梯子放在軟土上,人一動它就搖。它還沒倒,但也沒有人敢站上去。這個字所有的用法,都是從這個「會搖」長出來的。有時候搖的是身體,有時候是聲音,有時候是一份和平協議或這個月的收入。共同點都一樣:還在,還在晃,而且靠不住。

From the word’s history

The supplied Wiktionary entry gives the word as un- + steady, appearing in English around 1530, alongside steady itself. So the meaning is built in the open: steady is being held firm, and un- takes that away. Looking for the matching steady phrase is still the quickest way to place any use of the word.

來源資料把這個字拆成 un- 加 steady,並說它和 steady 一樣大約在 1530 年代出現在英文裡。所以它的意思是攤開來擺著的:steady 是「被穩住」,un- 把這件事拿掉。想判斷某個用法屬於哪一格,最快的方法還是把它換成對應的 steady 說法看看。

Wiktionary (kaikki extract supplied in this packet; source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1048448929:13896): “From un- + steady. Like steady, the word first appeared in English around 1530.”

Three branches

會搖、站不穩

這一族是核心畫面的字面版本:搖的東西就在眼前,而且可能真的倒下來。

adjective · B1

Used about an object that is not well balanced, so it moves when you touch it and could fall over.

不穩的、會晃的(東西)

聲音洩漏出來的緊張

搖的還是身體,只是這次由聲音帶出來,於是別人聽得見你的情緒。

adjective · B2

Used about a voice or a breath that shakes and so lets other people hear that you are nervous or upset.

(聲音、呼吸)發顫

局面與節奏靠不住

沒有東西真的在抖了:會搖、可能垮的畫面被搬到事情上,變成「現在還撐著,但隨時會變」。

adjective · B2

Used about a situation, an agreement or a relationship that is holding for now but could change or break down at any moment.

不穩定的(局面、關係)