核心畫面

A smell so strong that you cannot ignore it. It fills the room, it pushes people back a step, and it makes them do something about it right away. The other uses of stinking keep that force and let the smell go: the thing being named may have no smell at all, but the speaker is still reacting to it hard, or is measuring something at its extreme end.

「stinking」的核心畫面可以想成一股濃到躲不掉的臭味。它塞滿整個空間,逼人往後退一步,也逼人馬上去處理它。其他更多收起「stinking」的核心畫面可以想成一股濃到躲不掉的臭味。它塞滿整個空間,逼人往後退一步,也逼人馬上去處理它。其他用法可以想成把「臭」拿掉,只留下那股「躲不掉的強度」:被講到的東西不一定真的有味道,但說話的人反應一樣強烈,或者是在把某件事推到最極端的一端。

From the word’s history

Stinking is the present participle of the verb stink: Old English stincende, Middle English stynkynge, that is stink + -ing. Dutch stinkend and German stinkend are the same word in those languages.

「stinking」就是動詞 stink 的現在分詞:古英文寫作 stincende,中古英文寫作 stynkynge,等於 stink 加上 -ing。荷蘭文 stinkend、德文 stinkend 是同一個字在那些語言裡的樣子。要注意的是,這條線索只解釋字形;後來用來表示「非常」的 stinking rich,字源並沒有交代它是怎麼長出來的。

Wiktionary entry for 'stinking' (etymology_text supplied in this packet; source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4)

Four branches

真的在講味道

這一家就是核心本身,其他用法都可以想成從這裡走出去的。

adjective · B2

Having a very strong bad smell. It can describe a thing, like old food or wet shoes, and it can describe a whole place when the smell fills the air there.

發臭的

難受到極點

把「臭」換成「難受」,強度不變:一樣是那種擋不住、只能忍著過去的東西。

adjective · B2

Very bad or very unpleasant. It goes before a noun, most often an illness you feel strongly, such as a cold or a headache, and also a day, a week or a run of luck that is going badly.

很嚴重的/糟透的

純粹的火氣

這一群把味道整個放掉,只留下「受不了」的那個反應,然後把它貼在名詞前面。

adjective · B2

Used before a noun to show that you are angry, annoyed or fed up with the thing you are naming. It says nothing about smell; it only carries your feeling about the thing.

該死的/討厭的

當作「非常」用

濃度被借去量別的東西:不是味道濃,是有錢得誇張、醉得誇張。

r · B2

Stinking rich means extremely rich. People usually choose it when they feel someone has far more money than anyone needs, or got that money in a way that does not seem fair.

有錢得要命

原始詞典資料6 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

stinkingadj詞源 1/ˈstɪŋkɪŋ/

  • 1

    Having a pungent smell.

  • 2

    Very bad and undesirable.

    • I have a stinking cold.
  • 3

    slangVery drunk.

    • Oh, I got stinking—and, worse, acted like the world's worst heel to top it off. I passed out mentally about the time we left the club—which must have been around 2:30—but unfortunately didn't pass out physically.
  • 4

    An intensifier, a hypallage.

    • We don’t need your stinking sympathy.
    • “Everyone shut up! Lord ThunderSteel commands it! I am your leader! I have this badge that says so!” “We don’t need no stinking badges!”

stinkingnoun詞源 2/ˈstɪŋkɪŋ/

  • 1

    The emission of a foul smell.

    • From the magnificent ejaculation of the Waimangu geyser, to the tiniest of gaseous emissions, descriptions of the thermal reserve were rife with dischargings, bubblings and stinkings, quiverings and palpitations, orifices and protuberances.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。