核心畫面

You can think of recede as a slow pulling back. Something that was near you moves away, step by step, and you stay where you are and watch it get smaller or weaker. Nothing snaps or vanishes; the line where it used to be simply moves back.

recede 可以想成一個慢慢往後退的動作。原本靠近你的東西一步一步離開,你站著不動,看著它變小、變輕、變淡。沒有什更多收起recede 可以想成一個慢慢往後退的動作。原本靠近你的東西一步一步離開,你站著不動,看著它變小、變輕、變淡。沒有什麼突然斷掉或消失,只是原本那條界線往後移了。海水退、燈光遠去、痛感退掉、髮線後移,畫面都是同一個,只是退的是不同的東西。

From the word’s history

The evidence packet traces recede to Latin recedere, 'to withdraw, to go back', from re- ('back') plus cedere ('to go'), reaching English through Middle French receder and Middle English receden. The same cedere shows up in proceed and precede.

資料裡的字源說 recede 來自拉丁文 recedere「退回去」,由 re-(往回)加 cedere(走)組成,經中古法文 receder 和中古英文 receden 進入英文。字面就是「往回走」,和今天所有的用法都對得上。同一個 cedere 也在 proceed(往前走)和 precede(走在前面)裡面。

Wiktionary, 'recede' etymology, supplied verbatim in this evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:590855528)

Three branches

看得見的東西往後退

最接近核心畫面的一族:實際的東西離開你的位置。看的人不動,退的是景物或水線,所以這個字總是從旁觀者的角度寫。

verb · B2

If something you can see or hear recedes, it moves further and further away from you until you cannot see or hear it any more.

遠去、漸漸看不見

心裡的感覺與可能性退掉

把同一個往後退的畫面搬到看不見的東西上。痛、害怕、記憶、希望不是斷電式地消失,而是一格一格退遠,所以常配 gradually、slowly。

verb · B2

If a memory, a feeling, or the chance of something happening recedes, it slowly becomes weaker and less important until it is gone.

漸漸消退

臉上的線條往後退

這一族退的是身體上的一條線。髮線是好幾年慢慢往後移,下巴則是本來就往後斜,兩個都用 -ing 形式當形容詞,學的時候可以一起記。

verb · B2

If someone's hair recedes, it slowly stops growing at the front of the head, so the line where the hair starts moves back and more forehead shows.

髮線後退