核心畫面

One way to picture it: a thing that used to fill a certain space pulls itself inward and now takes up less. A wool sweater goes into hot water full-sized and comes out a size too small — nothing was cut off it, the whole thing just drew in on itself.

原本佔著一塊空間的東西,自己往內收,結果佔的空間變小了。一件毛衣丟進熱水,拿出來整件小了一號——沒有人剪掉它任何一塊更多收起原本佔著一塊空間的東西,自己往內收,結果佔的空間變小了。一件毛衣丟進熱水,拿出來整件小了一號——沒有人剪掉它任何一塊,是它整個往內縮。這個「往內收、體積變小」的動作,就是 shrink 這個字反覆在做的事:不管縮的是布料、是數字、還是一個人的身體。

Two branches

物體與數量的縮小

這一組就是核心畫面本身,以及它從摸得到的布料往抽象的數字延伸的那一步。

shrink (fabric) · verb · B1

If something shrinks, it becomes smaller because of heat or water. You can also shrink something — make it smaller — by putting it in heat or water.

縮水;使縮小

心理醫生(俗稱)

這一支不是從「縮小」的畫面長出來的隱喻,而是另一條路:它來自玩笑話 head-shrinker(原指把敵人頭顱縮小製成戰利品的部族),被拿來調侃「專門處理你腦袋的人」,後來縮短成 shrink。所以不要把它想成「把煩惱縮小的人」——那是事後編的說法。

psychiatrist (informal) · noun · B2

A casual, joking word for a doctor who helps people with worries, sad feelings, and other problems in their mind. The polite words are psychiatrist and therapist.

心理醫生

原始詞典資料9 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

shrinkverb/ˈʃɹɪŋk/

  • 1

    To cause to become smaller.

    • The dryer shrank my sweater.
    • The bottom line is this: To shrink your gut, you need to start listening to it.
  • 2

    To become smaller; to contract.

    • This garment will shrink when wet.
    • I have not found that water, by mixture of ashes, will shrink or draw into less room.
  • 3

    To cower or flinch.

    • Molly shrank away from the blows of the whip.
  • 4

    To draw back; to withdraw.

    • The Libyc Hammon ſhrinks his horn,
  • 5

    To withdraw or retire, as from danger.

    • What happier natures shrink at with affright, / The hard inhabitant contends is right.
    • They assisted us against the Thebans when you shrank from the task.
  • 6

    To move back or away, especially because of fear or disgust.

shrinknoun/ˈʃɹɪŋk/

  • 1

    Shrinkage; contraction; recoil.

    • Yet almost with, with sudden shrink, That I had less to praise.
  • 2

    derogatoryslangA psychiatrist or psychotherapist.

    • You need to see a shrink, you crazy fool.
    • My shrink said that he was an enabler, bad for me.
  • 3

    businessLoss of inventory, for example due to shoplifting or not selling items before their expiration date.

    • Assuming the retailer's shrink is average or below, and the owner is comfortable with the level of shrink, perhaps nothing more need be done except to maintain vigilance and to monitor the shrink for signs of emerging problems.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。