拉到沒有鬆的東西
這一家就是核心畫面本身,還沒搬到任何比喻上。
adjective · B2
Pulled or stretched so tight that no loose or hanging part is left; a taut rope, wire, string or piece of cloth is firm and straight and does not sag.
繃緊的
Picture a rope with two people pulling the ends. Loose, it hangs in a curve; pulled hard enough, the curve disappears and the rope becomes one straight, firm line that springs back when you flick it. Every use of taut can be thought of as that line, moved onto something else — a face holding a feeling in, a muscle under the skin, a film with no wasted scenes, a ship where nothing is left lying about. The word never names what is being held; it names the fact that nothing is left slack.
Wiktionary traces the adjective to Middle English taught / Early Middle English tohte, meaning strained, stretched, tight, firm, and suggests it probably comes from tough. The oldest recorded sense is already the stretched one, which is why it sits at the centre here.
Wiktionary 記載這個形容詞來自中古英語的 taught,更早的形式是 tohte,意思是「被拉緊的、繃著的、緊的、結實的」,並推測它可能來自 tough(強韌)。最早被記錄下來的意思就已經是「拉緊」,所以把它放在中心。要注意詞源書寫的是 probably(可能),不是確定。
Wiktionary (kaikki extract, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:812536704:40407) — Middle English taught, Early Middle English tohte/towehte "strained, stretched; distended; tight; firm", probably from tough.
Three branches
拉到沒有鬆的東西
這一家就是核心畫面本身,還沒搬到任何比喻上。
adjective · B2
Pulled or stretched so tight that no loose or hanging part is left; a taut rope, wire, string or piece of cloth is firm and straight and does not sag.
繃緊的
繃在人身上
把那條線搬到人身上:一個是情緒撐著臉,一個是運動撐著肌肉。兩個都是從外面看得出來的「實」。
adjective · C1
Showing that someone is worried, angry or under strain and cannot relax. A taut face, voice or smile looks or sounds tight and held in; the word can also describe the person, or the silence in a room.
緊繃
抽掉多餘的東西
同樣是「沒有鬆的地方」,但這次被拉緊的不是東西也不是人,而是人做出來的安排——一部作品,或一套運作方式。
adjective · C1
A taut book, film, play, piece of writing or piece of music is tightly made and exciting: nothing unnecessary is left in, so it holds your attention the whole way through.
緊湊
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
tautadj/tɔːt/
Of a body, muscle, etc., not flabby; firm, toned.
Of a person, having a lean, strong body.
Of music, writing, etc., containing only relevant parts; brief and controlled.
Under tension, like a stretched bowstring, rope, or sail; tight.
Experiencing anxiety or stress.
nauticaltransportOf a sailor, ship, etc., neat and well-disciplined.
nauticaltransportOf a sailor, ship, etc., neat and well-disciplined.
beveragesfoodlifestyleStrong; uncompromising.
tautverb/tɔːt/
To make taut; to tauten, to tighten.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。