沉甸甸的嚴重
這一支跟墳墓沒有關係,走的是拉丁文 gravis「重的」那條線:事情很重,人的表情也就跟著沉下來。
very serious · adjective · B2
Very serious, important, and worrying.
嚴重的
This entry holds two different words that happen to be spelled the same. One is the dug hole where a body is buried — picture the earth opened, then closed again with a stone on top. The other is 'heavy': a face, a situation, or a voice weighed down by something serious. Do not try to bend one into the other; keep them as two pictures.
Etymonline separates them: grave 'burial place' is Old English graef, from a PIE root meaning 'to dig, scrape'; the adjective grave 'serious' (1540s) is from French grave, Latin gravis 'heavy', and the grave accent (c.1600) comes from that same Latin word.
Etymonline 把它們分開處理:墳墓的 grave 來自古英文 graef,字根的意思是「挖」;形容詞 grave「嚴重的」(1540 年代)來自法文 grave、拉丁文 gravis「重的」,而法文那個重音符號 grave(約 1600 年)也是從同一個拉丁字來的。所以「挖」跟「重」是兩條沒有交集的線,後兩者才是同源。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entries 'grave (n.1)', 'grave (adj.)' and 'grave (n.2)'
From the picture
沉甸甸的嚴重
這一支跟墳墓沒有關係,走的是拉丁文 gravis「重的」那條線:事情很重,人的表情也就跟著沉下來。
very serious · adjective · B2
Very serious, important, and worrying.
嚴重的
法文的沉音符號
這個用法從「重」那條線借來當名字,指字母上方那一撇符號,用在語言學和外語課本裡。
grave accent mark · adjective · B2
Used to describe a small mark placed above a letter in some languages, such as the è in French, which shows how to say it.
(重音符號)沉音的
burial hole · noun · B2
A hole dug in the earth to hold a dead body, usually marked with a stone.
墳墓
death (literary) · noun · B2
Death, thought of as the end of a person's life — used mostly in stories and poems.
死亡
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Gravename
A surname.
gravenoun詞源 1/ɡɹeɪv/
An excavation in the earth as a place of burial.
Any place of interment.
Any place containing one or more corpses.
Death, destruction.
Deceased people; the dead.
graveverb詞源 2/ɡɹeɪv/
archaicTo dig.
archaicTo carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave.
archaicTo carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture.
archaicTo impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly.
archaicTo entomb; to bury.
archaicTo write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving.
graveadj詞源 3/ɡɹeɪv/
Characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness.
Low in pitch, tone etc.
Serious, in a negative sense; important, formidable.
datedhuman-scienceslinguisticsphonologyDull, produced in the middle or back of the mouth. (See Grave and acute on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
obsoleteInfluential, important; authoritative.
gravenoun詞源 3/ɡɹeɪv/
A grave accent, the diacritic mark `.
gravenoun詞源 4/ɡɹeɪv/
historicalA count, prefect, or person holding office.
graveverb詞源 5/ɡɹeɪv/
obsoletenauticaltransportTo clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch — so called because graves or greaves were formerly used for this purpose.
gravenoun詞源 6/ɡɹeɪv/
obsoleteA kilogram.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。