分開來的一小塊
最貼近核心畫面的一支：東西沿著自己的裂線分開，剩下的那一小塊就用這個字。
noun · B1
One of the small separate pieces that together make up a bulb of garlic, or of a similar bulb such as a shallot. Each piece has its own thin dry skin, which you pull off before you cook it.
蒜瓣
這個拼法底下其實是2個不同的字，意思沒有關係， 只是長得一樣。下面分開列出來。跳到 蒜瓣 · 丁香
1
clove
noun, verb核心畫面
One way to hold this group: something that has been split. Press a whole garlic and it falls into pieces that were always ready to come apart; each of those pieces is a clove. Keep that picture of a thing coming apart along its natural line and the rest of this group follows - the act of splitting, and the gap that a split leaves in the land.
這一支可以想成「被劈開之後留下來的東西」。一整顆大蒜捏開，它自己就散成一瓣一瓣，每一瓣都是沿著本來就有的線分開的——…更多收起
這一支可以想成「被劈開之後留下來的東西」。一整顆大蒜捏開，它自己就散成一瓣一瓣，每一瓣都是沿著本來就有的線分開的——那一瓣就是 clove。握住這個「順著裂線分開」的畫面，其他幾個意思就接得上：一個是分開這個動作本身，一個是地面被切開之後留下的那道窄谷。From the word’s history
This group goes back to Old English clufu, which is related to cleofan, to cleave or split; the same old root sits behind the verb form clove and behind Dutch klove, the source of the American valley word.
這一支往上追是古英語 clufu，跟 clēofan（劈開）有親戚關係。同一個老根也連著動詞 cleave 的過去式 clove，以及荷蘭文的 klove——美東那個「窄山谷」就是從荷蘭文借來的。
Wiktionary etymology 2 and 4 in the supplied packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:571046655 and 571058544)
From the picture
劈開的動作，和劈開留下的缺口
同樣是「裂開」，但鏡頭往前後移：一邊看的是劈下去的那一刻，一邊看的是劈完之後地面留下的形狀。
verb · C2
A past tense of the verb cleave, used to say that someone or something split or cut a thing apart, usually with one strong stroke. It sounds old, and you mostly meet it in older books and in stories.
劈開（cleave 的過去式）
Also in this word
noun · C1
A narrow valley with steep sides, cut between hills or mountains. This use belongs to the northeastern United States, especially New York State, and you meet it most often inside place names.
窄山谷（美東用法）
A second word, same spelling
2
clove
noun核心畫面
A different word that happens to be spelled the same. One way to see it: a tiny dark nail. The dried bud has a round head and a sharp point, hard enough to push into the skin of a ham, and that nail shape is where the name comes from.
這是另一個剛好同拼法的字，可以想成「一根小小的黑釘子」。乾掉的花苞一頭是圓球，一頭是尖的，硬到可以直接插進烤火腿的皮…更多收起
這是另一個剛好同拼法的字，可以想成「一根小小的黑釘子」。乾掉的花苞一頭是圓球，一頭是尖的，硬到可以直接插進烤火腿的皮裡。名字就是照這個外型來的，跟蒜瓣那一支沒有關係。From the word’s history
From Old French clou, the first part of clou de girofle, and before that Latin clavus, a nail - named for the shape of the dried bud.
來自古法文 clou（clou de girofle 的前半），再往上是拉丁文 clāvus「釘子」。名字直接取自乾燥花苞像釘子的外型。
Wiktionary etymology 1 in the supplied packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:571006608)