核心畫面

The old picture is simply staying: to abide somewhere was to remain there, to go on living in that place. Modern English keeps almost none of that except in one turn of phrase — if you cannot abide something, you cannot stay in the same room as it, cannot bear to have it near you. (A third pattern, abide by the rules, is a different construction from the two senses mapped here.)

這個字最早的畫面很單純,就是「留下來」:abide 在某個地方,就是待在那裡、住在那裡。現代英文幾乎沒有保留這個用法更多收起這個字最早的畫面很單純,就是「留下來」:abide 在某個地方,就是待在那裡、住在那裡。現代英文幾乎沒有保留這個用法,只剩下一個說法還帶著它——你 can't abide 某樣東西,意思是你沒辦法跟它待在同一個空間、受不了它在旁邊。(另外還有 abide by the rules「遵守規定」的用法,那是另一個句型,不在這裡列出的兩個意思裡。)

From the picture

受不了

從「待著」翻成否定:我沒辦法跟這個東西共處一室——講的是強烈的厭惡,而不是待在哪裡。這也是今天唯一還常用的用法。

cannot tolerate · verb · B2

used when you dislike someone or something very strongly (usually after can't or cannot).

無法忍受;受不了

Also in this word

dwell; live (archaic) · verb · C1

to live in a place (old use of English).

居住(古語)

原始詞典資料12 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

abideverb/əˈbaɪd/

  • 1

    To endure without yielding; to withstand.

    • The old oak tree abides the wind endlessly.
  • 2

    To bear patiently.

    • "I never could abide shoemakers," said an old servant,—and it ended in her marrying one.
    • VVe will be Kings and Lords within our ſelues, And not abide the pride of tyrranie.
  • 3

    To pay for; to stand the consequences of.

    • Diſparage not the faith thou doſt not know, / Leſt to thy perill thou abide it deare.
    • If it be found ſo, ſome will deere abide it.
  • 4

    Used in a phrasal verb: abide by (“to accept and act in accordance with”).

    • The new teacher was strict and the students did not want to abide by his rules.
  • 5

    obsoleteTo wait in expectation.

    • And Abraham ſaid vnto his yong men, Abide you here with the aſſe, and I and the lad will goe yonder and worſhip, and come againe to you.
  • 6

    obsoleteTo pause; to delay.

  • 7

    archaicTo stay; to continue in a place; to remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to be left.

    • One generation passeth away, and another generation commeth: but the earth abideth for euer.
    • Let euery man abide in the ſame calling wherein he was called.
  • 8

    archaicTo have one's abode.

    • "As how, my lambkin," blushing, she replide, / "Because I in this dancing schoole abide? / If that it be, that breede's this discontent, / We will remoue the camp incontinent: / For shelter onelie, sweete heart, came I hither, / And to auoide the troblous stormie weather; / But now the coaste is cleare, we will be gonne, / Since, but thy self, true louer I haue none."
    • And her brother and her mother ſaid, Let the damſell abide with vs a few dayes, at the leaſt ten ; after that, ſhe ſhall goe.
另外 4 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    archaicTo endure; to remain; to last.

    • The Dude abides.
  • 10

    archaicTo stand ready for; to await someone; watch for.

    • Saue that the holy Ghoſt witneſſeth in euery city, ſaying that bonds and afflictions abide me.
    • I will abide the coming of my lord.
  • 11

    obsoleteTo endure or undergo a hard trial or a task; to stand up under.

    • […]And shalt abide her judgment on it.
  • 12

    archaicTo await submissively; accept without question; submit to.

    • The grand Conſpirator, Abbot of Weſtminſter, / With clog of Conſcience, and ſowre Melancholly, / Hath yeelded vp his body to the graue : / But here is Carlile, liuing to abide / Thy Kingly doome, and ſentence of his pride.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。