核心畫面

One way to hold tonnage is to read it as tonne plus -age: how many tonnes' worth. English uses that ending twice over, for an amount (mileage) and for a charge (postage), and tonnage takes both roads. So a single word can answer how big is this ship, how much does this load weigh, how many ships does this country have, and how much do you owe on what you landed. The tonne is the ruler; what is being measured changes.

tonnage 可以想成 tonne 加上 -age,也就是「幾噸份」。-age 這個字尾在英文裡走兩條路。一條做出更多收起tonnage 可以想成 tonne 加上 -age,也就是「幾噸份」。-age 這個字尾在英文裡走兩條路。一條做出「數量」,像 mileage。一條做出「費用」,像 postage。tonnage 兩條都走。所以同一個字可以回答四種問題:這艘船多大、這批貨多重、這個國家有多少船、卸了這些貨要付多少錢。噸是那把尺,量的東西才是變動的部分。

From the word’s history

From Old French tonnage, equivalent to tonne plus the ending -age.

這個字從古法文 tonnage 來,相當於 tonne(公噸)加上字尾 -age。

Wiktionary entry for tonnage, supplied in this packet (kaikki extract, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1132671418:10036).

Three branches

用噸來量船

尺放在船上:先量一艘,再把整支船隊加起來。

noun · C1

A measure of how big a ship is, or of how much cargo it can carry, given in tonnes.

(船的)噸位

用噸來量貨物的重量

尺離開船,放到任何多到不能一件一件數的東西上。

noun · C1

The total number of tonnes that a quantity of something weighs, especially cargo, freight, or bombs dropped on an area.

總噸數(重量)

按噸收的錢

同樣一把尺,這次量出來的是要付多少錢;-age 這個字尾在英文裡本來就兼做「費用」。

noun · C2

A charge that is paid on each tonne of cargo a ship brings in and puts ashore.

噸稅(按噸課的費用)