被拉過去的空氣
最容易感覺到的一種「被拉」：看不見的空氣被壓力差拉著穿過房間，而你的皮膚知道。
draught, air current · noun · C1
A current of cool air that moves through a room, often from a window or door, and that you can feel on your skin.
穿堂風
核心畫面
A model that works well: draught is the noun of draw — the result or the amount of one act of pulling. Air pulled through a room, beer pulled up out of a barrel, liquid pulled down your throat in one swallow, a piece pulled across a board, a horse that does the pulling. Whenever you meet this word, ask: what is being pulled, and in which direction?
draught 是動詞 draw（拉、抽）變成的名詞——「拉一次的結果」或「拉一次的份量」。空氣被從門縫拉過房間、啤…更多收起
draught 是動詞 draw（拉、抽）變成的名詞——「拉一次的結果」或「拉一次的份量」。空氣被從門縫拉過房間、啤酒被從桶裡抽上來、液體被一口拉下喉嚨、棋子被拉過棋盤、馬在前面拉車。碰到這個字，先問一句：是什麼東西被拉？往哪個方向拉？答案幾乎每次都對得上。From the word’s history
Middle English draught, related to Old English dragan "to draw, drag" — literally draw + -t, the noun form of the pulling verb.
這個字是從古英語 dragan（拉、拖）長出來的名詞，構造相當於 draw 加上 -t。也就是說，它從一開始就不是某個具體的東西，而是「拉這件事」的名詞化。難怪它後來可以指風、指啤酒、指一口酒、指吃水深度——它們的共同點不是長得像，而是都牽涉到「被拉」這個動作。
Wiktionary, entry "draught" (Middle English draught < related to Old English dragan "to draw, drag"; = draw + -t)
Six branches
從桶裡抽上來的酒
這次被拉的是液體：啤酒被幫浦從地下室的大桶「拉」上吧台。同一個動作，換成看得見的東西。
draught, beer from a barrel · noun · C1
Beer served from a large barrel or tank rather than from a bottle, usually in the phrase on draught.
生啤酒
一口喝下去的量
液體被喉嚨往下拉的那一下，以及那一下拉進去的份量——「拉一次的量」這個核心在這裡最字面。
draught, a swig · noun · C1
The act of swallowing liquid, or the amount of liquid you swallow at one time.
一口
船身往下吃進水裡的深度
這一族的「拉」轉了個方向：不是船拉水，而是船把自己往下拉進水裡多深——量的是「拉下去的量」。
draught, ship's depth · noun · C1
The depth of water a ship needs so that it will not touch the bottom of the sea, a river, or a harbour.
吃水
在棋盤上被拉著走的棋子
這一族的「拉」是手的動作：這種棋不能跳著放，棋子是被手指沿著格線拉過棋盤的，遊戲的名字就從這個動作來。
draughts, the game · noun · C1
A game for two people, each with twelve round pieces, played on a board of 64 squares; in British English usually called draughts.
西洋跳棋
負責拉的牲口
前面幾族都是「被拉的東西」，只有這一族是「拉的那一方」——同一個動作，站到了施力的位置。
draught, of an animal (adj) · adjective · C1
Used before a noun to say that an animal is kept for pulling heavy loads, such as a cart or a plough.
拉車的
原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
draughtnoun/dɹɑːft/
- 1
A checker: a game piece used in the game of draughts.
- 2
Ale: a type of beer brewed using top-fermenting yeast.
- 3
obsoletemedicinesciencesA mild vesicatory.
- 4
obsoleteAn outhouse: an outbuilding used as a lavatory.
- Then sayde Jesus: are ye yett withoute understondinge? perceave ye not, that whatsoever goeth in at the mouth, descendeth doune into the bely, and ys cast out into the draught?
- Rid me these Villaines from your companies; / Hang them, or stab them, drowne them in a draught, / Confound them by some course, and come to me, / Ile giue you Gold enough.
- 5
obsoleteAny picture or drawing.
- And therefore, for the whole process, and full representation, there must be more than one draught; the one representing him in station, the other in session, another in genuflexion.
- 6
obsoleteA sudden attack upon an enemy.
- drawing sudden draughts upon the enemy when he looketh not for you
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。