核心畫面

A sudden, violent jolt that hits you out of nowhere. Hold the picture of a hard, unexpected blow — to the mind, it's the stunned feeling when terrible news lands; to the body, it's the jolt of electricity, of an explosion's blast, of a system thrown out of order. The word works on two planes that mirror each other: the inner jolt (feeling, news, the adjective and verb that surprise and upset) and the outer/physical jolt (electric shock, blast, medical shock, the absorber that soaks up bumps). One unrelated branch, 'a shock of hair', came in from a different old word and only shares the spelling.

可以想成一記突如其來、猛地撞上你的撞擊。心裡握住「冷不防被狠狠一擊」這個畫面——打在心上,是噩耗砸下來時那種愣住、發更多收起可以想成一記突如其來、猛地撞上你的撞擊。心裡握住「冷不防被狠狠一擊」這個畫面——打在心上,是噩耗砸下來時那種愣住、發懵的感覺;打在身上,是觸電的一震、爆炸的衝擊、身體系統被打亂。這個字在兩個互相呼應的層面運作:內在的震(感覺、消息,以及讓人驚愕、反感的形容詞和動詞)和外在/身體的震(電擊、爆震、醫學上的休克、吸收顛簸的避震器)。另外「一叢頭髮」那個意思來自一個不相干的古字,只是剛好同拼法。

原始詞典資料27 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Shockname

  • 1

    A surname.

shocknoun詞源 1/ʃɒk/

  • 1

    A sudden, heavy impact.

    • The train hit the buffers with a great shock.
  • 2

    A sudden, heavy impact.

    • My mother's news was a shock I still haven't recovered from.
  • 3

    human-sciencespsychologysciencesA sudden, heavy impact.

    • Carl had a shock at what he found.
    • A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.
  • 4

    A sudden, heavy impact.

    • The surprising blast of cold water on my face was a tremendous shock.
  • 5

    medicinesciencesA sudden, heavy impact.

    • We gave him a couple shocks, but the patient passed away anywway.
    • But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.
  • 6

    medicineneurologyneuroscienceA sudden, heavy impact.

  • 7

    human-sciencespsychologysciencesA sudden, heavy impact.

    • Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.
    • The shock she felt kept her in a daze the rest of the day.
  • 8

    medicinesciencesA sudden, heavy impact.

    • Call an ambulance, he's in shock!
另外 4 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    natural-sciencesphysical-sciencesphysicsA sudden, heavy impact.

    • Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.
  • 10

    automotiveengineeringmechanicalA shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).

    • If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.
    • We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock
  • 11

    mathematicssciencesA discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.

  • 12

    A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels.

    • The warehouse that caught fire contained 99% trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) – used to make chlorinated tablets to control bacteria and algae – and 99% dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA), which is used to make swimming pool shock – a treatment used to help break down contaminants.

shockadj詞源 1/ʃɒk/

  • 1

    Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking.

    • His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.

shockverb詞源 1/ʃɒk/

  • 1

    To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel greatly surprised or upset.

    • The disaster shocked the world.
  • 2

    To strike with disgust, to offend, scandalize.

  • 3

    To give an electric shock to.

  • 4

    To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.

    • Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.
  • 5

    obsoleteTo meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.

    • They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.
  • 6

    cookingfoodlifestyleTo cook something very briefly in a hot liquid, then immediately submerge it in ice water to stop the cooking process.

    • Can you shock the spinach over there?
  • 7

    To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.

  • 8

    geographygeologynatural-sciencesTo deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.

    • It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).

shocknoun詞源 2/ʃɒk/

  • 1

    An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.

    • Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.
    • Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.
  • 2

    datedbusinesscommerceA lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.

  • 3

    A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.

    • His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.
    • Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.
  • 4

    obsoleteA small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.

    • When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)

shockverb詞源 2/ʃɒk/

  • 1

    To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.

    • to shock rye

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。