自己拉住自己
韁繩在自己手上：想衝的和拉住的是同一個人。
self-control · noun · C2
Staying calm and in control of what you do and say, especially when it is hard not to get angry or excited.
克制
核心畫面
One way to picture it: a force pulling back on something that wants to move forward — a hand on the reins, whether the hand is your own or someone else's.
有股力量往前衝，另一股力量把它「拉住」。像手拉著韁繩——馬想跑，韁繩把牠收在原地。restraint 講的就是那條韁…更多收起
有股力量往前衝，另一股力量把它「拉住」。像手拉著韁繩——馬想跑，韁繩把牠收在原地。restraint 講的就是那條韁繩、那個拉住的動作。關鍵在於：拉住的手可能是自己的（我很想回嘴，但我忍住），也可能是別人的（規定不准、有人壓住你、有東西綁著你）。這四個意思的差別，說穿了就是「韁繩在誰手上、是實體的還是無形的」。From the word’s history
From Old French restreindre, from Latin restringere "to bind back, tie fast" (re- "back" + stringere "draw tight") — the same stringere behind strict and stringent.
來自古法文 restreinte，源頭是拉丁文 restringere「往回綁緊」(re- 往回 + stringere 拉緊)。strict、stringent 也是這個 stringere 家族。所以 restraint 底層就是「往回拉緊、綁住」的動作——不管拉的是韁繩、是規定，還是自己的脾氣。
Wiktionary: restraint — from Old French restreinte, past participle of restreindre, from Latin restringere ("to bind back")
Two branches
別人拉住你
韁繩換到外面：不再是自己收力，而是有規定、有人手、有器具替你踩煞車。
a limiting rule · noun · C2
A rule or idea that sets a limit on what people are allowed to do.
限制
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
restraintnoun/ɹɪˈstɹeɪnt/
- 1
Something that restrains, ties, fastens or secures.
- Make sure all the restraints are tight.
- At the centre of Stalin’s superiority over his competitors was certainly his intense will, just as Napoleon ranked what he called ‘moral fortitude’ higher in a general than genius or experience. When Milovan Djilas said to Stalin during the Yugoslav-Soviet discussions in Moscow during the war that the Serbian politician Gavrilović was ‘a shrewd man’, Stalin commented, as though to himself: ‘Yes, there are politicians who think shrewdness is the main thing in politics. . . .’⁴⁴ His was a will-power taken to a logical extreme. There is something non-human about his almost total lack of normal restraints upon it.
- 2
Control or caution; reserve.
- Try to exercise restraint when talking to your boss.
- City will feel nonplussed when they review the tape and Pellegrini had to summon all his restraint in the post-match interviews.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。