喜樂美語

核心畫面

You can picture 'hold' as a hand closing around a thing and keeping it there — fingers , not letting go. Almost everything else grows from that one picture: a nail 'holding' a shelf is the same grip done with force; 'holding' an opinion, a job, or power is something you can't touch; 'holding' a note, your breath, or your fire is keeping an action pressed in your hand instead of releasing it. Wherever the word reaches, it carries that core of 'grasp it and keep it'.

可以把 hold 的核心想成一隻手收攏、把東西攥在手裡、不放開——手指扣住，東西就留在你這兒。後面幾乎所有用法都從這…更多收起可以把 hold 的核心想成一隻手收攏、把東西攥在手裡、不放開——手指扣住，東西就留在你這兒。後面幾乎所有用法都從這張圖長出來：釘子「撐住」架子，是同一個抓力換成施力；「持有」意見、職位、權力，是攥著看不見的東西；「持住」一個音、憋住呼吸、按住不開火，則是把一個本要放出去的動作先按在手裡。不管 hold 走到多遠，骨子裡都是這句「抓住它、留住它」。

原始詞典資料46 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

holdverb詞源 1/həʊld/

  • 1

    To grasp or grip.

    • Hold the pencil like this.
    • But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window[…].
  • 2

    To contain or store.

    • This package holds six bottles.
  • 3

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Hold my coat for me.
    • The general ordered the colonel to hold his position at all costs.
  • 4

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Hold a table for us at 7:00.
  • 5

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Hold the elevator.
  • 6

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Patients who test positive for COVID-19 infection should be advised to hold their biologic dose until their infection clears.
  • 7

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Hold the suspect in this cell.
  • 8

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • to hold true
    • The proposition holds.
另外 17 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • to hold firm
    • Mother[…]considered that the exclusiveness of Peter's circle was due not to its distinction, but to the fact that it was an inner Babylon of prodigality and whoredom, from which every Kensingtonian held aloof, except on the conventional tip-and-run excursions in pursuit of shopping, tea and theatres.
  • 10

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • We cannot hold mortality's strong hand.
    • Death! what do'st? O, hold thy blow.
  • 11

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • He holds himself proudly erect.
    • Hold your head high.
  • 12

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Lay on, Macduff, and damned him that first cries hold, enough!
  • 13

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • Our force by land hath nobly held.
    • The canvas was punctured by the little balls, but held.
  • 14

    headingTo maintain or keep to a position or state.

    • to hold one's bladder
    • to hold one's breath
  • 15

    headingTo maintain or keep to particular opinions, promises, actions.

    • She holds that passive index funds beat actively managed ones: she says that "set it and forget it," when done right, beats playing the market as a gambler.
    • He neuer hild but gracious thoughts of vvomen, yeat, I vvinne, / The fayreſt She he euer ſavv might quit his thoughts of ſinne.
  • 16

    headingTo maintain or keep to particular opinions, promises, actions.

    • He was held responsible for the actions of those under his command.
    • I'll hold him to that promise.
  • 17

    headingTo maintain or keep to particular opinions, promises, actions.

    • Hold not thy peace, and be not still.
    • Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost, / Shall hold their course.
  • 18

    headingTo maintain or keep to particular opinions, promises, actions.

    • Stand fast and hold the traditions which ye have been taught.
    • These reasons mov'd her starlike husband's heart, But still he held his purpose to depart:
  • 19

    archaicheadingTo maintain or keep to particular opinions, promises, actions.

    • His dauntless heart would fain have held / From weeping, but his eyes rebelled.
  • 20

    hobbieslifestylesportsTo win one's own service game.

  • 21

    To take place, to occur.

    • He came into the hall where the wedding-festival had held […].
  • 22

    To organise an event or meeting (usually in passive voice).

    • Elections will be held on the first Sunday of next month.
    • Here, in the transept and choir, where the service was being held, one was conscious every moment of an increasing brightness; colours glowing vividly beneath the circular chandeliers, and the rows of small lights on the choristers' desks flashed and sparkled in front of the boys' faces, deep linen collars, and red neckbands.
  • 23

    archaicTo derive right or title.

    • My Crovvn is abſolute, and holds of none.
    • His imagination holds immediately from nature.
  • 24

    In a food or drink order at an informal restaurant etc., requesting that a component normally included in that order be omitted.

    • One ham-and-cheese sandwich; hold the mustard.
    • A martini, please, and hold the olive.
  • 25

    slangTo be in possession of illicit drugs for sale.

    • […] first thing clients would say to me would be 'Are you holding?' I'd say yes if we had our supply and no if it was dangerous.

holdnoun詞源 1/həʊld/

  • 1

    A grasp or grip.

    • Old Applegate, in the stern, just set and looked at me, and Lord James, amidship, waved both arms and kept hollering for help. I took a couple of everlasting big strokes and managed to grab hold of the skiff's rail, close to the stern.
    • Keep a firm hold on the handlebars.
  • 2

    An act or instance of holding.

    • Can I have a hold of the baby?
  • 3

    A place where animals are held for safety

  • 4

    An order that something is to be reserved or delayed, limiting or preventing how it can be dealt with.

    • Senator X placed a hold on the bill, then went to the library and placed a hold on a book.
    • Because there were no “launch commit criteria” regarding surface booster temperatures that might cause a hold on the launch, the ice team did not report the temperatures to the launch controllers.
  • 5

    Something reserved or kept.

    • We have a hold here for you.
  • 6

    Power over someone or something.

    • The fad has gained a sure hold on every teenager.
    • The Judge accepts the payment, the law no longer has a hold on you, and therefore you are free to walk out of the court a free man or woman.
  • 7

    The ability to persist.

    • This year I slept and woke with pain, ⁠I almost wish’d no more to wake, ⁠And that my hold on life would break Before I heard those bells again: […]
    • Despite their seemingly strong hold on life, as indicated by the persistence of movement in decapitation tests, rattlers are relatively frail creatures and are easily killed.
  • 8

    The property of maintaining the shape of styled hair.

    • Sculpturing gels provide stiffer hold than styling gels, which provide better hold than mousses.
另外 11 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    governmenthobbieslifestyleA position or grip used to control the opponent.

    • He got him in a tight hold and pinned him to the mat.
  • 10

    exercisehobbieslifestyleAn exercise involving holding a position for a set time

  • 11

    gamblinggamesThe percentage the house wins on a gamble, the house or bookmaker's hold.

    • The House Hold on the game is 10,000, this is the amount of decision or risk the house wishes to assume.
  • 12

    gamblinggamesThe wager amount, the total hold.

    • As of Monday night the total Melbourne Cup hold was $848,015
  • 13

    hobbieslifestylesportsAn instance of holding one's service game, as opposed to being broken.

  • 14

    The part of an object one is intended to grasp, or anything one can use for grasping with hands or feet.

    • So I felt my way down the passage back to the vault, and recked not of the darkness, nor of Blackbeard and his crew, if only I could lay my lips to liquor. Thus I groped about the barrels till near the top of the stack my hand struck on the spile of a keg, and drawing it, I got my mouth to the hold.
    • The beginner will instinctively try to stick his toe straight in in a foot hold, which is very tiring on the calf muscles.
  • 15

    A fruit machine feature allowing one or more of the reels to remain fixed while the others spin.

  • 16

    datedvideo-gamesA pause facility.

    • A hold facility is available; H holds, and S restarts.
    • SCREEN 5 — Perhaps the toughest — going like the clappers sometimes works but generally you'll have to be smarter than that. If things get a little too hectic and you don't even have time to reach the HOLD key, try taking a short rest below the top of the stairs.
  • 17

    The queueing system on telephones and similar communication systems which maintains a connection when all lines are busy.

    • Given that there is an average on-hold time of more than five minutes while enquiries are being dealt with, the telephone hold system provided the best opportunity.
    • Even the "on-hold" messages on Southwest's telephone system are humorous, ensuring anyone inconvenienced by the hold is entertained.
  • 18

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesA statistic awarded to a relief pitcher who is not still pitching at the end of the game and who records at least one out and maintains a lead for his team.

  • 19

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationA region of airspace reserved for aircraft being kept in a holding pattern.

holdnoun詞源 2/həʊld/

  • 1

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationThe cargo area of a ship or aircraft (often holds or cargo hold).

    • We watched our luggage being loaded into the hold of the plane.

holdadj詞源 3/həʊld/

  • 1

    obsoleteGracious; friendly; faithful; true.

    • at the proper moment, I stepped forward with a gay heart and a hold one

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。