責備的動作
動詞這一支就是核心畫面在動作中的樣子：把失望攤到對方（或自己）面前。
reproach, verb, gently rebuke · verb · C2
To tell someone they have done something wrong, in a way that shows you are sad or disappointed, not only angry.
責備
核心畫面
One way to picture it: turning to someone and letting them see you are hurt or let down by what they did — blame carried in sadness rather than in shouting.
你轉過頭看著某個人，讓他知道「你這樣做，我很失望」。這不是拍桌子的那種罵——reproach 的溫度比較低，帶著受傷…更多收起
你轉過頭看著某個人，讓他知道「你這樣做，我很失望」。這不是拍桌子的那種罵——reproach 的溫度比較低，帶著受傷和惋惜：我本來以為你不會這樣。它可以只是一個眼神、一句輕輕的話，但對方接收到的訊息很清楚：你讓我失望了。也因為這個「失望」的成分，reproach 通常出現在關係比較近、或說話者對對方本來有期待的場合。From the word’s history
From Old French reprochier, traced to a Vulgar Latin form built on prope "near" — the idea of bringing a fault back near to someone, holding it up close to their face.
來自古法文 reprochier，一般追到通俗拉丁文以 prope（靠近）為底的形式：把某人的過錯「拿回來、湊到他面前」。這個「把錯攤到你眼前」的動作，正是今天 reproach 那種當面、近距離、讓你不得不看的責備感。
Wiktionary: reproach — from Old French reprochier; Online Etymology Dictionary traces it to Vulgar Latin *repropiare, from Latin prope "near"
Three branches
責備這件事、這句話
名詞這一支是同一個畫面被凝結下來：那份失望本身（不可數），或說出口的那一句（可數）。
reproach, noun, blame or disapproval · noun · C2
Blame, or the feeling that you are not pleased with what someone did. It often shows in a look or in the way a person speaks.
責備
值得被責備的程度
從「責備」再往外一步：不看誰在責備，而看某件事「該不該挨這份責備」——挨得起、挨不起，就成了評價的尺。
beyond reproach · noun · C2
If a person or their behaviour is above or beyond reproach, it is so good that no one can fairly find fault with it.
無可指摘
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
reproachnoun/ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/
- 1
A mild rebuke, or an implied criticism.
- My father made no reproach in his letters and only took notice of my science by inquiring into my occupations more particularly than before.
- 2
Disgrace or shame.
- 3
An object of scorn.
reproachverb/ɹɪˈpɹəʊtʃ/
- 1
To criticize or rebuke (someone).
- if ye be reproached for the name of Christ
- this new commer, Shame, There sit not, and reproach us as unclean.
- 2
To disgrace, or bring shame upon.
- I thought your marriage fit; else imputation, / For that he knew you, might reproach your life.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。