喜樂美語

核心畫面

One way to picture poll: heads being counted, one by one. Ask a thousand people the same question and count how the answers fall — that is a poll. Put the same counting inside an election and you get votes counted, the place where the counting happens, and the number a candidate ends up with.

可以想成 poll 是「一顆一顆頭數過去」的畫面：問一千個人同一個問題，再算答案怎麼分佈，這就是民調。把同一個「數人…更多收起可以想成 poll 是「一顆一顆頭數過去」的畫面：問一千個人同一個問題，再算答案怎麼分佈，這就是民調。把同一個「數人頭」的動作放進選舉裡，就變成計票、去投票的地方，以及某位候選人最後拿到的票數。

From the word’s history

Poll first meant 'head' (c. 1300, from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch pol), then 'person, individual' in the early 14c. — 'by polls' meant one by one. From the notion of counting heads came 'collection or counting of votes' (1620s), then 'the voting at an election' (1832), and only in 1902 the modern 'survey of public opinion'.

poll 最早的意思是「頭」（約 1300 年，來自中古低地德語或中古荷蘭語 pol），14 世紀初延伸為「一個人」——by polls 就是一個一個算。從「數人頭」這個概念，1620 年代出現「計票」，1832 年出現「選舉投票」，而我們最熟的「民意調查」要到 1902 年才有。所以數人頭是最早的那一層，民調反而是最晚長出來的。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com/word/poll)

From the picture

選舉裡的投票與計票

把「數人頭」放進選舉：這時候數的不是意見，而是選票，於是投票這件事、投票的地方、數出來的票數，全都用同一個字。

election vote count · noun · B2

Votes being cast in an election, or the number those votes add up to.

投票；得票數

Also in this word

opinion poll · noun · B1

The act of asking many people the same question to find out what most of them think; also the results you get from doing this.

民意調查

poll (survey people) · verb · B1

Ask a large number of people the same question to find out their views.

民調；調查

原始詞典資料30 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Pollname詞源 1/pɑl/

  • 1

    A diminutive of the female given name Mary.

    • "A gentleman, please Sir," said the blushing Mary, (or Poll as some unrespective and light-minded persons have misnamed her), and the gentleman entered.
  • 2

    A common pet name for a parrot.

Pollnoun詞源 1/pɑl/

  • 1

    obsoleteslangA disreputable woman.

Pollname詞源 2

  • 1

    A surname transferred from the given name.

pollnoun詞源 1/pɔl/

  • 1

    A survey of people, usually statistically analyzed to gauge wider public opinion.

  • 2

    A formal vote held in order to ascertain the most popular choice.

    • The student council had a poll to see what people want served in the cafeteria.
    • All soldiers quartered in place are to remove […] and not to return till one day after the poll is ended.
  • 3

    A polling place (usually as plural, polling places).

    • The polls close at 8 p.m.
  • 4

    The result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded.

  • 5

    The head, particularly the scalp or pate upon which hair (normally) grows.

    • […]the doctor, as if to hear better, had taken off his powdered wig, and sat there, looking very strange indeed with his own close-cropped black poll.
    • And you might perceive the president and general manager, Mr. R. G. Atterbury, with his priceless polished poll, busy in the main office room dictating letters..
  • 6

    A mass of people, a mob or muster, considered as a head count.

    • We are the greater poll, and in true fear They gave us our demands.
    • The muster file, rotten and sound, upon my life, amounts not to fifteen thousand poll.
  • 7

    The broad or butt end of an axe or a hammer.

  • 8

    The pollard or European chub, a kind of fish.

pollverb詞源 1/pɔl/

  • 1

    To take, record the votes of (an electorate).

  • 2

    To solicit mock votes from (a person or group).

  • 3

    To vote at an election.

    • Mr. Millbank's friends were not disheartened, as it was known that the leading members of Mr. Rigby's Committee had polled; whereas his opponent's were principally reserved.
  • 4

    To register or deposit, as a vote; to elicit or call forth, as votes or voters.

    • He polled a hundred votes more than his opponent.
    • poll for points of faith his trusty vote
  • 5

    To cut off; to remove by clipping, shearing, etc.; to mow or crop.

    • to poll the hair; to poll wool; to poll grass
    • Who, as he polled off his dart's head, so sure he had decreed That all the counsels of their war he would poll off like it.
  • 6

    To cut the hair of (a creature).

    • when he [Absalom] polled his head
    • 1579-1603, Thomas North, Plutarch's Lives His death did so grieve them that they polled themselves; they clipped off their horse and mule's hairs.
  • 7

    To remove the horns of (an animal).

  • 8

    To remove the top or end of; to clip; to lop.

    • to poll a tree
另外 7 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    communicationcommunicationscomputingTo (repeatedly) request the status of something (such as a computer or printer on a network).

    • The network hub polled the department’s computers to determine which ones could still respond.
  • 10

    To be judged in a poll.

    • The election was a resounding defeat for Robert McCartney who polled badly in the six constituencies he contested and even lost his own Assembly seat in North Down.
  • 11

    obsoleteTo extort from; to plunder; to strip. Especially in conjunction with pill for emphasis.

    • they slew Julius Caesar, who neither pilled nor polled the country but only was a favorer and suborner of all them that did rob and spoil, by his countenance and authority.
    • Which pols and pils the poore in piteous wize
  • 12

    To impose a tax upon.

  • 13

    To pay as one's personal tax.

    • the man that polled but twelve pence for his head
  • 14

    To enter, as polls or persons, in a list or register; to enroll, especially for purposes of taxation; to enumerate one by one.

    • polling the reformed churches whether they equalize in number those of his three kingdoms
  • 15

    lawTo cut or shave smooth or even; to cut in a straight line without indentation.

    • a polled deed

polladj詞源 1/pɔl/

  • 1

    Bred without horns, and thus hornless.

    • Poll Hereford
    • Red Poll cows

pollnoun詞源 2/pɒl/

  • 1

    A pet parrot.

pollnoun詞源 3/pɒl/

  • 1

    datedOne who does not try for honors at university, but is content to take a degree merely; a passman.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。