用眼睛或心思看過全貌
這一組最貼近字根「look over」:把視線或思緒放到一個對象上,整體地、仔細地看一遍以形成判斷,包括看眼前的景物,也包括看一整個題目。
look over carefully · verb · B2
To go carefully over someone or something, by eye or in thought, often judging them.
審視
You can picture standing on high ground and letting your eyes pass carefully over the whole scene below — taking in the entire thing, not one corner. Every use of 'survey' is some version of this: looking over a whole subject, a whole piece of land, a whole building, or a whole crowd's opinions, carefully and as a whole.
Survey comes from Medieval Latin 'supervidere' = 'super' (over) + 'videre' (to see), i.e. 'to look over, oversee'. The modern image of carefully looking over a whole thing sits right on that root.
survey 源自中世紀拉丁文 supervidere,由 super(在…之上)加 videre(看)組成,也就是「從上面看過去、總覽」。現代「仔細看過整個東西」的畫面正好坐在這個字根上。
etymonline.com/word/survey
Four branches
用眼睛或心思看過全貌
這一組最貼近字根「look over」:把視線或思緒放到一個對象上,整體地、仔細地看一遍以形成判斷,包括看眼前的景物,也包括看一整個題目。
look over carefully · verb · B2
To go carefully over someone or something, by eye or in thought, often judging them.
審視
問一大群人、收集意見
把「整體看過一遍」的對象換成一大群人的想法:你不是看風景,而是系統性地問過很多人,好把整群人的意見一次收進眼裡。這是今天最常見的用法。
questionnaire study · noun · B2
A study that puts the same questions to many people to learn what they think or do.
問卷調查
丈量土地、繪製地圖
這一組把「看過全貌」收緊成精準的測量:不只是用眼掃過一塊地,而是仔細測量整片土地的範圍與細節,好把它整個畫成地圖。
measure land · verb · B2
To measure an area of land or water carefully so that it can be mapped.
測量(土地)
勘查整棟房子的狀況
再把對象換成一棟建築:把整棟房子從頭到尾仔細看過、查過它的狀況,通常是替想買房的人做的。一樣是「整體仔細看過全貌」,只是看的是房子的好壞。
inspect a building · verb · B2
To examine a building carefully and report on its condition, especially for a possible buyer.
勘查(房屋)
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
surveynoun/ˈsɜːveɪ/
The act of surveying; a general view.
A particular view; an examination, especially an official examination, of a particular group of items, in order to ascertain the condition, quantity, or quality.
The operation of finding the contour, dimensions, position, or other particulars of any part of the Earth's surface.
A measured plan and description of any portion of country.
An examination of the opinions and/or information of a group of people.
A questionnaire or similar instrument used for examining the opinions and/or information of a group of people.
historicalAn auction at which a farm is let for a lease for lives.
A district for the collection of customs under a particular officer.
surveyverb/səˈveɪ/
To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook
To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine.
To examine with reference to condition, situation, value, etc.; to examine and ascertain the state of
To determine the form, extent, position, etc., of, as a tract of land, a coast, harbor, or the like, by means of linear and angular measurements, and the application of the principles of geometry and trigonometry
To examine and ascertain, as the boundaries and royalties of a manor, the tenure of the tenants, and the rent and value of the same.
To investigate the opinions, experiences, etc., of people by asking them questions; to conduct a survey; to administer a questionnaire.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。