核心畫面

You can think of languish as strength leaking out slowly while nothing is done about it. Picture a plant nobody has watered for a fortnight: still standing, still green in places, a little lower every day. Whatever the subject is -- a body, a person locked away, a share price, a team, a file on a shelf -- the picture holds. It is low, it has been low for a long time, and no hand is reaching in to change that.

languish 可以想成力氣慢慢漏掉,而且沒有人來處理。畫面就像一盆兩個星期沒人澆水的植物:還站著,還有一點綠,但更多收起languish 可以想成力氣慢慢漏掉,而且沒有人來處理。畫面就像一盆兩個星期沒人澆水的植物:還站著,還有一點綠,但每天都矮一點。不管主詞是什麼——一個身體、一個被關起來的人、一支股價、一支球隊,或架子上一份文件——這個畫面都成立。位置很低,低了很久,而且沒有一隻手伸進來改變它。

From the word’s history

From Middle English languysshen, via Anglo-Norman and Middle French languir, from Late Latin languire, an alteration of Latin languere 'to be faint, unwell'. Wiktionary notes it is cognate with slack, which is the same idea seen from another angle: something that has lost its tension.

經由中古英語 languysshen、古法語 languir,來自拉丁文 languēre(虛弱、不舒服)。來源資料也指出它和 slack(鬆掉的)同源。這兩個字剛好從兩邊照出同一個畫面:原本繃著的東西鬆了、力氣沒了。

Wiktionary entry for 'languish' (kaikki extract, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:813086622:32555)

Three branches

力氣一點一點流失

這一組就站在核心畫面上,講的是真的變虛弱。

verb · C2

To slowly lose strength, health or spirits and become weak — from illness, from being left without care, or from missing someone badly.

日漸虛弱、憔悴

人被困在難受的地方

力氣流失的不是身體,而是一個人的日子——被關著、被擱著,一年一年過去。

verb · C1

To be kept in a place or a situation that makes you unhappy, for a long time, with no way of getting out of it and no sign that anyone is coming to help.

被困在(難受的處境)

事情停在低處沒起色

主詞換成沒有生命的東西,畫面照搬:位置低、時間長、沒人動它。

verb · C1

If something languishes, it stays in a low or weak position for a long time and does not improve, grow or become successful.

停在低處、沒有起色