核心畫面

Picture a piece of coloured cloth on a pole, flapping in the wind, carrying a pattern that says 'this belongs to this country / team / group'. That flapping marker is the core: something you raise so everyone can see, from far off, whose it is and what it stands for.

可以想成:一塊有顏色、有圖案的布,掛在桿子上迎風飄動,圖案在說「這是屬於某個國家、某支隊伍、某個團體的」。核心畫面比更多收起可以想成:一塊有顏色、有圖案的布,掛在桿子上迎風飄動,圖案在說「這是屬於某個國家、某支隊伍、某個團體的」。核心畫面比較像這面會飄的布——你把它升起來,讓遠遠的人一眼就看見它是誰的、代表什麼。

Four branches

布旗與它所代表的

從那面會飄的布出發:先是布本身(國旗、信號旗),再延伸到布所「代表」的——因為一面旗一眼就說出「這是誰的」,久了旗子本身就等於那個國家、那份榮譽。

national flag · noun · B1

A piece of cloth with a special colour or pattern that stands for a country, team, or group.

旗子 / 國旗

動詞:標記、提出來讓人注意

把旗子的「顯眼、標出位置」變成動作:在某樣東西上插一面小旗,讓人一眼看到「這裡重要」。所以 flag something 就是把它標記、點出來提醒大家注意。

flag, mark for attention · verb · B1

To mark or point out something so that people notice it is important.

標記 / 標示出來

動詞:漸漸沒力、減弱

想像一面旗在沒風的時候軟軟垂下、貼在桿上——本來飄揚的東西失去了力氣。flag 當「變累、減弱」用,就是這個下垂的畫面:原本的勁頭慢慢鬆掉、提不起來。

flag, grow tired or weak · verb · B1

To slowly become tired, weaker, or less strong.

變累 / 減弱

石板(另一個字源)

這個 flag 跟布旗沒有關係,別硬去連。它指的是舖路、舖地用的方形平石板(flagstone)。

flagstone · noun · B1

A flat, square piece of stone used to make a path or floor (also called a flagstone).

石板 / 舖路石

原始詞典資料42 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

flagnoun詞源 1/flæɡ/

  • 1

    A piece of cloth, often decorated with an emblem, used as a visual signal or symbol.

    • The vote in the Bundestag (parliament) on Thursday makes defiling foreign flags equal to the crime of defiling the German flag. […] The new law also applies to acts of defilement besides burning, such as publicly ripping a flag up.
  • 2

    The design that could be placed on a flag, typically a rectangular graphic that is used to represent an entity (like a country, organisation or group of people) or an idea.

    • The flag of France has three vertical stripes.
  • 3

    nauticaltransportA flag flown by a ship to show the presence on board of the admiral; the admiral himself, or his flagship.

  • 4

    nauticaltransportA signal flag.

  • 5

    The use of a flag, especially to indicate the start of a race or other event.

  • 6

    computercomputingengineeringA variable or memory location that stores a Boolean true-or-false, yes-or-no value, typically either recording the fact that a certain event has occurred or requesting that a certain optional action take place.

  • 7

    computercomputingengineeringIn a command line interface, a command parameter requesting optional behavior or otherwise modifying the action of the command being invoked.

    • This will be used as a help message if the user passes in the --help flag, like so: […]
  • 8

    aeronauticsaerospaceaviationA mechanical indicator that pops up to draw the pilot's attention to a problem or malfunction.

    • I was shooting an IFR approach down the San Francisco slot, when all of a sudden the ILS flag popped up.
    • […] and then the OFF flag popped up and the needle went dead.
另外 7 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    The game of capture the flag.

  • 10

    geometrymathematicssciencesA sequence of faces of a given polytope, one of each dimension up to that of the polytope (formally, though in practice not always explicitly, including the null face and the polytope itself), such that each face in the sequence is part of the next-higher dimension face.

    • A flag of P is a sequence (F₀, F₁, ..., Fₘ) of faces of P such that dim Fᵢ = i for each i and Fᵢ is a side of Fᵢ₊₁ for each i < m.[…]A regular polytope in X is a polytope P in X whose group of symmetries in <P> acts transitively on its flags.
    • We call P (combinatorially) regular if its automorphism group Γ(P) is transitive on its flags.
  • 11

    linear-algebramathematicssciencesA sequence of subspaces of a vector space, beginning with the null space and ending with the vector space itself, such that each member of the sequence (until the last) is a proper subspace of the next.

  • 12

    broadcastingmediatelevisionA dark piece of material that can be mounted on a stand to block or shape the light.

    • At the other extreme, with limitless budgets all they have to do is dream up amazing lighting rigs to be constructed and operated by the huge team of gaffers and sparks, with their generators, discharge lights, flags, gobos and brutes.
    • Flags and other cutters allow the DP or gaffer to throw large controlled shadows on parts of the scene.
  • 13

    archaicslangAn apron.

    • Suppose you try a different tack, / And on the square you flash your flag?
  • 14

    ACGvideo-gamesAn indication that a certain outcome or event is going to happen, deduced not logically or causally, but as a pattern in a piece of media. Chiefly used in video games and adjacent media, especially visual novels, it is typically described as being raised or set by the plot or words of a character.

    • set a death flag
    • raise the heroine's flags (in a galge)
  • 15

    obsoleteslangA groat; fourpence.

    • […] the orator pulled out a tremendous black doll, bought for a ‘flag’ (fourpence) of a retired rag-merchant, and dressed up in Oriental style.

flagverb詞源 1/flæɡ/

  • 1

    To furnish or deck out with flags.

  • 2

    To mark with a flag, especially to indicate the importance of something.

    • Walcott was, briefly, awarded a penalty when he was upended in the box but referee Phil Dowd reversed his decision because Bendtner had been flagged offside.
  • 3

    To signal to, especially to stop a passing vehicle etc.

    • Please flag down a taxi for me.
    • The electric locomotive is accompanied by a shunter who, in addition to his normal duties, flags the trains over the unprotected level crossings and opens the gates through which the line passes.
  • 4

    To convey (a message) by means of flag signals.

    • to flag an order to troops or vessels at a distance
  • 5

    To note, mark or point out for attention.

    • I've flagged up the need for further investigation into this.
    • Users of the Internet forum can flag others' posts as inappropriate.
  • 6

    computingengineeringmathematicsTo signal (an event).

    • The compiler flagged three errors.
  • 7

    computingengineeringmathematicsTo set a program variable to true.

    • Flag the debug option before running the program.
  • 8

    To decoy (game) by waving a flag, handkerchief, etc. to arouse the animal's curiosity.

    • This method of hunting, however, is not so much practised now as formerly, as the antelope are getting continually shyer and more difficult to flag.
另外 6 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    hobbieslifestylesportsTo penalize for an infraction.

    • The defender was flagged for unsportsmanlike conduct.
  • 10

    board-gameschessgamesTo lose on time, especially in a blitz game; when using a traditional analog chess clock, a flag would fall when time expired.

    • Mark Dvoretsky (2014), For Friends & Colleagues, volume 1, →ISBN: “Indeed, I usually spent an hour to an hour and a half on my game, never found myself in time pressure, never once flagged in my entire life, except in blitz games, of course.”
  • 11

    board-gameschessgamesTo defeat (an opponent) on time, especially in a blitz game.

    • White was winning positionally, but Black managed to flag him and win.
  • 12

    engineeringfirearmsgovernmentTo point the muzzle of a firearm at a person or object one does not intend to fire on.

  • 13

    To fail, such as a class or an exam.

    • After he flagged Algebra, Mike was ineligible for the football team.
  • 14

    biologynatural-sciencesIn female canids, to signal mating readiness by moving the tail aside to expose the vulva.

    • During estrus, most bitches will flirt with males by backing up to them, flagging their tails in the males’ faces, urinating frequently, and generally acting seductive.
    • She will avert her tail to the side (flagging), standing still when the male mounts.

flagverb詞源 2/flæɡ/

  • 1

    To weaken, become feeble.

    • His strength flagged toward the end of the race.
    • He now sees a spirit has been raised against him, and he only watches till it begin to flag.
  • 2

    To hang loose without stiffness; to bend down, as flexible bodies; to be loose, yielding, limp.

    • as loose it [the sail] flagged around the mast
  • 3

    To let droop; to suffer to fall, or let fall, into feebleness.

    • The Thousand Loves , that arm thy potent Eye , Must drop their Quivers , flag their Wings
  • 4

    To enervate; to exhaust the vigour or elasticity of.

    • there is nothing that flags the Spirits, disorders the Blood, and enfeebles the whole Body of Man, as intense Studies.

flagnoun詞源 3/flæɡ/

  • 1

    Any of various plants with sword-shaped leaves, especially irises; specifically, Iris pseudacorus.

    • [T]he ebbed man, ne'er loved till ne'er worth love, Comes deared by being lacked. This common body, Like to a vagabond flag upon the stream, Goes to and back, lackeying the varying tide, To rot itself with motion.
    • Can the rush grow up without mire? can the flag grow without water?

flagnoun詞源 4/flæɡ/

  • 1

    A slice of turf; a sod.

  • 2

    A slab of stone; a flagstone, a flat piece of stone used for paving.

    • “Huliganï,” fumed Pnin, shaking his head—and slipped slightly on a flag of the path that meandered down a turfy slope among the leafless elms.
    • On market days the farmers would come in before going home - Tysons and Lindsays and Birketts and Longmires and Boows and Dawsons - and their dogs would lie in heaps on the flags while they themselves supped Gerald's ale.
  • 3

    geographygeologynatural-sciencesAny hard, evenly stratified sandstone, which splits into layers suitable for flagstones.

flagverb詞源 4/flæɡ/

  • 1

    To pave with flagstones.

    • Fred is planning to flag his patio this weekend.

flagnoun詞源 5/flæɡ/

  • 1

    A group of feathers on the lower part of the legs of certain hawks, owls, etc.

  • 2

    A group of elongated wing feathers in certain hawks.

  • 3

    The bushy tail of a dog such as a setter.

  • 4

    entertainmentlifestylemusicA hook attached to the stem of a written note that assigns its rhythmic value

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。