人的樣子:瘦到見骨
這是核心畫面最直接的用法,字面上就是人身上的肉少到骨頭形狀跑出來。
adjective · C1
Very thin, in a way that lets the bones of the face or body show through, and usually pale and tired-looking as well, often after illness, hunger, or a long time of worry.
憔悴消瘦的
You can hold gaunt as flesh worn away until the frame underneath shows. Hollow cheeks, a sharp jaw, bare lines with nothing soft left over them. What matters is not that the thing is small, but that something has been stripped off it, and the stripping is what makes it hard to look at.
The packet traces gaunt to Middle English gaunt, gant meaning lean, slender, thin, and says the route before that is uncertain. One suggestion recorded there links it to a Norse word family for a stick or staff, where Norwegian gand can also mean a tall, thin man. That link is speculation, not settled fact.
來源把 gaunt 追到中古英語 gaunt/gant(瘦、細),並註明更早的路線不確定。其中一個推測是它跟古北歐語「棍子、細長的杖」那一族有關,挪威語 gand 還能指又高又瘦的人。這條線索只是推測,來源自己也這樣標示;但「細長一根、沒有多餘」的畫面,和今天兩個意思都對得上。
Wiktionary (kaikki) entry for gaunt, source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:388322566:57901; the packet's own etymology_text marks the pre-Middle-English route uncertain.
Two branches
人的樣子:瘦到見骨
這是核心畫面最直接的用法,字面上就是人身上的肉少到骨頭形狀跑出來。
adjective · C1
Very thin, in a way that lets the bones of the face or body show through, and usually pale and tired-looking as well, often after illness, hunger, or a long time of worry.
憔悴消瘦的
地方與東西:光禿冷硬
同一個畫面搬到不會生病的東西上。建築、山、樹一樣可以「被剝掉」:沒有裝飾、沒有綠色、沒有柔和的線條,只剩結構本身。
adjective · C1
Used about a building, hill, tree or view that looks bare and hard, with nothing soft, green or decorative on it, so that it feels unwelcoming.
光禿冷硬的
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Gauntname詞源 1
A surname.
gauntadj/ɡɔːnt/
Angular, bony, and lean.
Unhealthily thin, as from hunger or illness: drawn, emaciated, haggard.
Of a place or thing: bleak, desolate.
rareGreedy; also, hungry, ravenous.
obsoleteWith a positive or neutral connotation: not overweight; lean, slender, slim.
obsoleteOf a sound: suggesting bleakness and desolation.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。