核心畫面

Two ideas live in 'fine', both reachable from one root picture: something worked down until nothing rough is left. Run a material through finer and finer treatment — spin the thread thinner, grind the powder smaller, weave the cloth tighter — and you get 'fine' = very thin, delicate, made with small careful detail. Push that same 'refined / brought to a good state' feeling onto quality and people and you get 'fine' = very good, high-quality, splendid; and onto everyday life you get the flat, low-key 'fine' = good enough, OK, no problem. A separate-but-related branch comes from the Latin sense 'settlement / end of a matter': money paid to settle a — a penalty 'fine'. So the same word can be a delicate thread, a splendid meal, a casual 'I'm fine', and a parking fine.

可以想成「fine」底下有兩條路,但都從同一個根畫面長出來:一樣東西被處理到再也沒有粗糙的地方。把材料一遍遍地細化—更多收起可以想成「fine」底下有兩條路,但都從同一個根畫面長出來:一樣東西被處理到再也沒有粗糙的地方。把材料一遍遍地細化——線紡得更細、粉磨得更小、布織得更密——就得到 fine =細、纖細、精緻、做工細密。把同一個「精煉到很好的狀態」的感覺推到品質和人身上,就成了 fine =極好、優質、出色;推到日常生活裡,又淡化成那個低調的 fine =夠好、還行、沒問題。另有一條相關卻分岔的路,來自拉丁文「了結/把一件事做個結束」的意思:為了了結過錯而付的錢,就是罰款的 fine。所以同一個字可以是一條細線、一頓豐盛的大餐、一句隨口的 I'm fine、也可以是一張罰單。

原始詞典資料42 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Finename

  • 1

    A surname.

fineadj詞源 1/ˈfaɪ̯n/

  • 1

    Senses referring to subjective quality.

    • The tree frog that they encountered was truly a fine specimen.
    • Only a really fine wine could fully complement Lucía's hand-made pasta.
  • 2

    Senses referring to subjective quality.

    • You're a fine one to talk about laziness.
    • Here's another fine mess you've gotten us into.
  • 3

    informalSenses referring to subjective quality.

    • How are you today? – Fine.
    • Will this one do? It's got a dent in it. – Yeah, it'll be fine, I guess.
  • 4

    informalSenses referring to subjective quality.

    • That man is so fine that I'd jump into his pants without a moment's hesitation.
    • It was a joy to snatch some brief respite, and find himself in the rectory drawing–room. Listening here was as pleasant as talking; just to watch was pleasant. The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.
  • 5

    Senses referring to subjective quality.

    • In any case, Feinsilver’s nomenclatural suggestions and fine distinctions did not enjoy widespread adoption.
  • 6

    obsoleteSenses referring to subjective quality.

    • 1853, Matthew Arnold, Preface to The Poems of Matthew Arnold They will permit the poet to select any action he pleases, and to suffer that action to go as it will, provided he gratifies them with occasional bursts of fine writing
  • 7

    Senses referring to subjective quality.

    • Thou haſt ſpoken all alreadie, vnleſſe thou canſt ſay they are married, but thou art too fine in thy euidence, therefore ſtand aſide.
    • The spider's touch, how exquisitely fine!
  • 8

    Senses referring to subjective quality.

    • Do you want to talk about what happened? – [sharply, with annoyance or discomfort] I'm fine!
另外 8 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • The small scratch meant that his copy of “X-Men #2” was merely fine when it otherwise would have been “near mint”.
  • 10

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • If the afternoon was fine they strolled together in the park, very slowly, and with pauses to draw breath wherever the ground sloped upward. The slightest effort made the patient cough.
  • 11

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • Grind it into a fine powder.
    • When she touched the artifact, it collapsed into a heap of fine dust.
  • 12

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • The threads were so fine that you had to look through a magnifying glass to see them.
    • But as our urban lives have grown more pressed for time, we have diced our opportunity costs finer and finer; from budgeting days or slabs of hours, we have come to rationing minutes.
  • 13

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • They protected themselves from the small parasites with a fine wire mesh.
  • 14

    Senses referring to objective quality.

    • Coins nine tenths fine.
  • 15

    ball-gamescricketgamesBehind the batsman and at a small angle to the line between the wickets.

    • […]to nudge it through the covers (or tickle it down to fine leg) for a four[…]
  • 16

    obsoleteSubtle; thin; tenuous.

    • The eye standeth in the finer medium and the object in the grosser.

fineadv詞源 1/ˈfaɪ̯n/

  • 1

    Well, nicely, in a positive, agreeable way.

    • Everything worked out fine.
  • 2

    dateddialectalFinely; elegantly; delicately.

  • 3

    ball-gamesbilliardsgamesIn a manner so that the driven ball strikes the object ball so far to one side as to be barely deflected, the object ball being driven to one side.

fineintj詞源 1/ˈfaɪ̯n/

  • 1

    Expression of (typically) reluctant or agreement.

  • 2

    Expression of (typically) reluctant acceptance, without further argument or discussion, of another person's viewpoint.

finenoun詞源 1/ˈfaɪ̯n/

  • 1

    Fine champagne; French brandy.

    • We had dined at l'Avenue's, and afterward went to the Café de Versailles for coffee. We had several fines after the coffee, and I said I must be going.
    • ‘Darling,’ Lois told her, ‘don't get depressed. Have another fine.’
  • 2

    Something that is fine; fine particles.

    • They filtered silt and fines out of the soil.

fineverb詞源 1/ˈfaɪ̯n/

  • 1

    To make finer, purer, or cleaner; to purify or clarify.

    • to fine gold
    • 1666 (written), 1681 (published), Thomas Hobbes, A Dialogue between a Philosopher and a Student of the Common Laws of England It hath been fined and refined by […] learned men.
  • 2

    To become finer, purer, or cleaner.

  • 3

    To make finer, or less coarse, as in bulk, texture, etc.

    • The tools to be used for this surface tillage are those that comminute or fine the soil most completely without compacting it or leaving it in ridges or in furrows
  • 4

    To change by fine gradations.

    • to fine down a ship's lines, i.e. to diminish her lines gradually
    • I often sate at home On evenings, watching how they fined themselves With gradual conscience to a perfect night.
  • 5

    To clarify (wine and beer) by filtration.

  • 6

    datedTo become gradually fine; to diminish; to dwindle (with away, down, or off).

    • I watched her [the ship] […] gradually fining down in the westward until I lost sight of her hull.

finenoun詞源 2/faɪn/

  • 1

    A fee levied as punishment for breaking the law.

    • The fine for jay-walking has gone from two dollars to thirty in the last fifteen years.
    • The popular late Middle Ages fictional character Robin Hood, dressed in green to symbolize the forest, dodged fines for forest offenses and stole from the rich to give to the poor. But his appeal was painfully real and embodied the struggle over wood.
  • 2

    obsoleteMoney paid by a tenant on the commencement of a tenancy so that their rent may be small or nominal.

  • 3

    A drink that must be taken during a meal or as part of a drinking game, following an announcement that anyone who has done some (usually outrageous) deed is to be fined; similar to I have never; commonly associated with swaps; very similar to a sconce at Oxford University, though a fine is the penalty itself rather than the act of issuing it.

    • Fine if you've…

fineverb詞源 2/faɪn/

  • 1

    To issue a fine as punishment to (someone).

    • She was fined a thousand dollars for littering, but she appealed.
  • 2

    To pay a fine.

    • Men fined for the king's good will; or that he would remit his anger; women fined for leave to marry.

finenoun詞源 3/ˈfiːneɪ/

  • 1

    entertainmentlifestylemusicThe end of a musical composition.

  • 2

    entertainmentlifestylemusicThe location in a musical score that indicates the end of the piece, particularly when the piece ends somewhere in the middle of the score due to a section of the music being repeated.

fineverb詞源 4

  • 1

    obsoleteTo finish; to cease.

  • 2

    obsoleteTo cause to cease; to stop.

finenoun詞源 4

  • 1

    obsoleteEnd; conclusion; termination; extinction.

    • And secret feare, to see their fatall fine
    • Is this the fine of his fines?
  • 2

    A final agreement concerning lands or rents between persons, as the lord and his vassal.

    • To cause them to pay more rent or a gretter fyne than they haue ben acustomed to do in tyme past.
  • 3

    lawA sum of money or price paid for obtaining a benefit, favor, or privilege, as for admission to a copyhold, or for obtaining or renewing a lease.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。