核心畫面

Picture a container filled right to the rim, and then a little more poured in. What runs over the edge is what this word is looking at. It never describes the amount that fits; it describes the part that could not be held in — a laugh that is too loud for the room, leaves that have crossed the path, that went on past the point where the door was enough.

可以想成一個裝到邊緣的容器,然後又多倒了一點進去。溢到外面的那一部分,就是這個字在看的東西。它從來不形容「裝得下的量更多收起可以想成一個裝到邊緣的容器,然後又多倒了一點進去。溢到外面的那一部分,就是這個字在看的東西。它從來不形容「裝得下的量」,它形容的是「裝不下、跑出來」的那一塊——大到超過房間的笑聲、已經蓋過小徑的葉子、明明夠了卻還在往下刻的花紋。

From the word’s history

The word comes from Latin exūberō, to be abundant, built from ex (out) and uber (udder). The original picture was milk so plentiful that it dripped from the udder by itself — overflow, before anyone had squeezed anything.

它來自拉丁文 exūberō(多得不得了),由 ex(出來)加 uber(乳房)組成。最初的畫面是乳汁多到自己滴出來——還沒有人去擠,它就已經溢出來了。

Wiktionary etymology supplied in this evidence packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4): from Latin exūberāns, participle of exūberō (be abundant), from ex (out) + uber (udder).

Two branches

活的東西滿出來

這一支最接近拉丁文原本的畫面:活著的東西自己長出、湧出,沒有人要它這麼多。

adjective · C1

Full of happy energy that shows on the outside — an exuberant person laughs, moves, and talks in a way that everyone around them can feel.

熱情洋溢的、興高采烈的

做出來的東西滿出來

溢出來的不再是生命,而是一雙停不下來的手:該收尾了卻還繼續加上去。

adjective · C1

Describing decoration, patterns, or design that is full of colour and detail, with far more going on than the job needed — rich and busy rather than plain.

華麗繁複的