釘成定案，不再動搖
立穩的對象從機構、關係換成「說法」：一件事被查清楚、被大家接受之後，就固定在那裡，之後可以直接拿來用。
ascertain, prove · verb · B2
to find out or prove that something is true
查明／確認
核心畫面
Picture setting a heavy post into the ground and packing the earth around it until it will not move. Something that was loose is now fixed, and it is meant to stay. establish is that act of making a thing stand firm — a company, a relationship, a fact, a reputation.
可以想成把一根重柱子立進土裡，四周的土再一層層踩實，讓它推不動。本來鬆的東西現在固定住了，而且是打算讓它一直在那裡。…更多收起
可以想成把一根重柱子立進土裡，四周的土再一層層踩實，讓它推不動。本來鬆的東西現在固定住了，而且是打算讓它一直在那裡。establish 就是把一樣東西「立穩」的那個動作——立起一家公司、一段關係、一個事實，或一個名聲。From the word’s history
Establish came into English in the late 14th century through Old French establir, from Latin stabilire 'to make stable', built on stabilis 'firm, able to stand'. So the word is literally 'to make something stand' — which is still exactly what it does across all its modern uses.
establish 十四世紀末經古法文 establir 進入英文，來自拉丁文 stabilire（使穩固），字根 stabilis 的意思是「站得住的」。所以這個字的字面意思就是「讓某樣東西站穩」——它今天所有的用法，其實都還在做這件事。
Online Etymology Dictionary — https://www.etymonline.com/word/establish
From the picture
Also in this word
found, set up · verb · B2
to start a company, group, or system that is meant to last a long time
創立／設立
build a relationship · verb · B2
to begin a relationship or connection with someone that will continue
建立（關係）
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
establishverb/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/
- 1
To make stable or firm; to confirm.
- Once it [a snowdrop variety] became established, some bulbs were lifted and passed on to be chipped (i.e. cut into small pieces and grown on).
- 2
To form; to found; to institute; to set up in business.
- But with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons' wives with thee.
- 3
To appoint or adopt, as officers, laws, regulations, guidelines, etc.; to enact; to ordain.
- By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.
- 4
To prove and cause to be accepted as true; to demonstrate.
- to establish a fact
- to establish a pattern
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。