核心畫面

Picture blood going round a body: it leaves the heart, travels the whole loop, and comes back. Circulate can be thought of as that closed round trip — something moves through a system, touching every part, and nothing leaks out of the loop. Whatever is circulating gets everywhere: blood to every finger, air to every corner of the room, news to every desk in the office. That is why the word feels different from just 'move' or 'send': it carries the picture of full coverage, going round rather than going straight.

可以想成血液在身體裡跑一圈:從心臟出發,走完整個迴路,再回到心臟。circulate 就像是這個封閉的來回——東西在更多收起可以想成血液在身體裡跑一圈:從心臟出發,走完整個迴路,再回到心臟。circulate 就像是這個封閉的來回——東西在一個系統裡移動,走遍每個角落,而且不會漏到系統外面去。凡是 circulate 的東西,最後都會抵達每一處:血送到每根手指,空氣吹到房間每個角落,消息傳到辦公室每一張桌子。所以它跟單純的 move 或 send 感覺不一樣:它帶著「繞一圈、全都覆蓋到」的畫面,是繞著走,不是直線走。

Three branches

在系統裡循環流動

字面的那一圈:實體的東西在一個封閉系統裡不停繞行。這是其他意思共用的底圖。

move around a system · verb · B1

to move around inside a system, or to make something move around inside a system.

循環;流通

消息在人群裡傳開

把管路換成人:一群人就是那個系統,消息就是在裡面跑的東西。差別在於推力來自誰——沒人主導的是「傳開」,有人主動送出去的是「傳閱」。

spread (news, ideas) · verb · B2

if news, ideas, or stories circulate, many people begin to hear about them.

流傳;傳開

人在場子裡走動

這次繞圈的是你自己:宴會廳就是那個系統,你在裡面繞一圈,讓自己抵達每一群人,就像血抵達每根手指。

mingle at a gathering · verb · B2

to move around at a party or gathering and talk to many different people.

應酬;周旋

原始詞典資料6 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

circulateverb/ˈsɜː.kjʊˌleɪt/

  • 1

    To move in circles or through a circuit.

  • 2

    To cause (a person or thing) to move in circles or through a circuit.

  • 3

    To move from person to person, as at a party.

    • In both the 2005 and 2013 papal elections there were whispers circulating that back in 1976 Francis had failed to help the two priests in their hour of need.
  • 4

    To spread or disseminate.

    • to circulate money or gossip
  • 5

    To become widely known.

  • 6

    mathematicssciencesOf decimals: to repeat.

    • a circulating decimal

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。