正式指出你做錯了（動作）
這是畫面裡的那個當下：有權力的一方開口，把「你錯了」講出來、記下來。
verb · C1
To criticize someone officially and publicly for something wrong they have done, usually by a group or a person with the power to judge them.
（正式）譴責、申誡
核心畫面
Picture someone standing in a position that allows them to judge — a committee, a board, a court, a church — and saying out loud, on the record, that you were in the wrong. Nobody is shouting. The force of it comes from who is speaking and from the fact that the words are written down and kept. Every use of censure is either that moment, or the piece of paper it leaves behind.
可以想成這樣一個畫面：有人站在可以做評斷的位置上——委員會、董事會、法院、教會——然後公開說出「你做錯了」，而且這句…更多收起
可以想成這樣一個畫面：有人站在可以做評斷的位置上——委員會、董事會、法院、教會——然後公開說出「你做錯了」，而且這句話會被記下來。沒有人在吼叫。它的份量來自說話的人是誰，也來自這句話被寫下來、留著。censure 的每一個用法，不是那個當下，就是那個當下留下來的那張紙。From the word’s history
The packet traces the word through Middle English and Old French to Latin censura, the censor's office or assessment, from censere, to weigh up, assess or judge. The modern word still sits on that: not a complaint, but a judgement made from a position of authority.
資料把這個字一路追到中古英語、古法文，再到拉丁文 censūra（監察官的職務或評定），源頭是動詞 censēre（衡量、評估、判斷）。今天的用法仍然踩在這個底子上：它不是抱怨，而是有位置的人做出的判定。
Wiktionary etymology supplied in this packet: Middle English censure, from Old French, from Latin censura, from censere (source_refs kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:632131278:24646 and :632155924:23320)
Two branches
那份責備本身
鏡頭從開口的那一刻，移到那句話本身：先是瀰漫的責難，再是被寫下來的一份處分。
noun · C1
Strong criticism saying openly that someone has done wrong, especially criticism made in public or by people with official power.
譴責、責難