核心畫面

Picture a track laid out in front of someone and a whole life spent running along it — that is the job sense. Now picture what happens when the runner loses control and tears down it sideways: that is the verb. Both sit on one old picture of a course you run at full speed.

可以想成:一個人面前鋪著一條跑道,一輩子就沿著它往前跑——這是「職業」的意思。再想像跑的人失去控制、歪歪斜斜地衝下去更多收起可以想成:一個人面前鋪著一條跑道,一輩子就沿著它往前跑——這是「職業」的意思。再想像跑的人失去控制、歪歪斜斜地衝下去——那就是動詞的用法。兩邊都站在同一個舊畫面上:一條全速奔馳的跑道。

From the word’s history

Career is from French carriere 'road, racecourse', ultimately from Latin carrus 'chariot'. It first meant 'a running at full speed; a course', then 'general course of action' (1590s) and 'course of one's professional life' (1803). The verb appears in the 1590s meaning 'to charge at a tournament', and the sense 'move rapidly, run at full speed' (1640s) comes from the image of a horse passing a career on the jousting field.

career 來自法語 carriere(道路、跑道),源頭是拉丁文 carrus(戰車)。它最早的意思是「全速奔跑、一段跑程」,1590年代轉為「一連串的行動歷程」,1803年才用來指「職業生涯」。動詞在1590年代出現,原指「在比武場上策馬衝刺」,1640年代的「飛快失控地衝」正是從馬在比武場上全速跑完一趟的畫面來的。所以「事業」和「失控疾衝」不是兩個不相干的字。

Online Etymology Dictionary, entry 'career' (etymonline.com/word/career)

From the picture

失控地往前衝

這一支保留了這個字最早的意思:全速跑一趟。差別在於現在強調的是「控制不住」——車子、人或東西衝出去,左右搖晃地往前,沒辦法停。

careen out of control · verb · C1

to move forward very fast and without control, swinging from side to side.

失控疾衝

Also in this word

profession · noun · A2

a job that you have trained for and do for a long time, often for most of your working life.

職業;事業

life's work · noun · B1

the whole period of time in your life when you do one kind of activity, such as playing a sport or making music.

生涯

lifelong (career politician) · noun · B2

used in front of the name of a job to say that someone plans to do that job for most of their life, not just for a short time.

終身從事…的;職業的

原始詞典資料11 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

careernoun/kəˈɹɪə/

  • 1

    One’s calling in life; one's working occupation or profession, especially when pursued seriously or over a long period of time.

    • When they’ve tortured and scared you for twenty-odd years, / Then they expect you to pick a career
  • 2

    The course, evolution, and ongoing advancement of one's working life, especially in one particular field.

    • Washington’s career as a soldier
    • This scandal could ruin his career.
  • 3

    The general course of one's action or conduct in life, or in a particular area of life.

    • As I explored the possibility of a library science path, having previously been employed in libraries during my school career and afterwards, I decided that I needed to actually experience work in a library setting full time again […]
  • 4

    archaicSpeed.

    • What rein can hold licentious wickedness When down the hill he holds his fierce career?
    • when a horse is running in his full career
  • 5

    A jouster's path during a joust.

    • These knights, therefore, their aim being thus eluded, rushed from opposite sides betwixt the object of their attack and the Templar, almost running their horses against each other ere they could stop their career.
  • 6

    obsoleteA short gallop of a horse.

    • It is said of Cæsar […] that in his youth being mounted upon a horse, and without any bridle, he made him run a full cariere [tr. carriere], make a sodaine stop, and with his hands behind his backe performe what ever can be expected of an excellent ready horse.
    • Such littleness damps the heat, and weakens the force of genius; as we check a horse in his career, and rein him in when we want him to amble
  • 7

    falconryhobbieshuntingThe flight of a hawk.

  • 8

    obsoleteA racecourse; the ground run over.

    • to think of going back again the same career

careerverb/kəˈɹɪə/

  • 1

    To move rapidly straight ahead, especially in an uncontrolled way.

    • The car careered down the road, missed the curve, and went through a hedge.
    • He likens the story of his 20s to “a fully fuelled jumbo jet just reaching take-off point and having to slam on the brakes. You’ve got this enormous bloody thing careering off the end of the runway, through the fence, through the house next door, bursting into flames and me crawling out and scraping my wounds for 10 years. I won't be flying that one again.”

careeradj/kəˈɹɪə/

  • 1

    Doing something professionally, for a living (generally said of something that is not a commonplace job, e.g. criminal activity).

    • a career burglar
    • Studies on homeless income find that the typical “career panhandler” who dedicates his time overwhelmingly to begging can make between $600 and $1,500 a month.
  • 2

    Synonym of serial (“doing something regularly”).

    • a career rapist

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。