歐石楠：從木料到成品
登入就可以看這一支怎麼連回核心畫面。
briar pipe · noun
A pipe for smoking tobacco, cut from the hard root of the briar shrub. People often call the pipe just a briar, without saying the word pipe.
石楠根菸斗
這個拼法是2個不同的字· 2 words spelled “briar”
- 1briar · thorny wild bush荊棘；帶刺野灌木A low wild bush of long thin stems, every one of them set with small sharp points.
- 2briar pipe石楠根菸斗A different word that happens to be spelled the same: a low shrub on a dry Mediterranean hillside, whose…
1
briar · thorny wild bush
nounA low wild bush of long thin stems, every one of them set with small sharp points. It is not tall and not rare, but you pay a price to get through it.
可以想成路邊那一叢野生的矮樹：細長的枝條四處亂竄，上面密密麻麻都是小尖刺。你走過去，袖子先被勾住，然後是手臂。它不高大，也不稀有，可是要穿過去就得付出代價。這個畫面一千年來幾乎沒有變過。
From the word’s history
From Middle English brere, from Old English brer, meaning briar or bramble — the same thorny bush it still names today.
來自中古英語 brere，再往前是古英語 brēr／brǣr，意思就是「荊棘、野莓叢」。從古英語到今天，它指的一直是同一種東西，中間沒有換過對象。
Wiktionary, "briar"
2
briar pipe
nounA different word that happens to be spelled the same: a low on a dry Mediterranean , whose value is not above ground at all but in the hard, heavy root buried under it.
這一個雖然跟荊棘長得一模一樣，來源卻是另一條路。可以想成地中海乾坡上的一叢歐石楠：地面上的部分並不起眼，真正值錢的是埋在土裡那塊又硬又重的根。把根挖出來、曬上幾年、削出一個碗形，就成了菸斗。整條線都繞著那塊根走。
From the word’s history
From French bruyere, the tree heath, later assimilated in spelling to the unrelated thorn-bush briar.
來自法文 bruyère（歐石楠）。它本來跟荊棘沒有關係，是進了英文以後拼法被 briar 吸了過去，兩個字才長成同一個樣子。所以同形不同源，讀的時候要看上下文。
Wiktionary, "briar" (etymology 1)
One branch
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Briarname
- 1
A topographic surname from Middle English.
- 2
A unisex given name from English.
briarnoun詞源 1/bɹaɪə/
- 1
Any of many plants with thorny stems growing in dense clusters, such as many in the Rosa, Rubus, and Smilax genera.
- Youngthes folke now flocken in every where, To gather May-buskets and smelling brere
- 2
Anything that is sharp or unpleasant to the feelings.
- ¶ And thou ſonne of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their wordes, though bryars and thornes be with thee, and thou doeſt dwell among ſcorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be diſmayed at their lookes, though they be a rebellious houſe.
- Rov'd far, and gather'd much : some harsh, 't is true, / Pick'd from the thorns and briers of reproof, / But wholesome, well-digested;[…]
briarnoun詞源 2/bɹaɪə/
- 1
Tree heath (Erica arborea), a thorny Mediterranean shrub.
- 2
A pipe for smoking, made from the roots of that shrub.
- Then he put the insulted pipe in his pocket, corked himself up with the immense briar, and sneered at Cripps over the top of it.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。