喜樂美語

核心畫面

A pivot around a fixed point: something swings around so the side that faced one way now faces another. From that single motion grow three things — facing a new direction, going around in a circle, and (because the thing now looks/is different than before) changing into a new state. Every meaning of turn, verb or noun, is some version of 'it pivots, so now it points / goes / is different.'

可以想成一個東西繞著一個固定的點轉了一下：原本朝這邊的那一面，現在朝向了另一邊。turn 所有的意思幾乎都從這個畫面…更多收起可以想成一個東西繞著一個固定的點轉了一下：原本朝這邊的那一面，現在朝向了另一邊。turn 所有的意思幾乎都從這個畫面長出來——轉一下之後，方向變了（轉身、轉彎）、繞著圈走了（旋轉、轉一圈），或者整個東西看起來、變得跟原本不一樣了（變成、變質）。動詞也好、名詞也好，骨子裡都是「它轉了，所以現在朝向／走向／變得不同了」。

原始詞典資料58 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

turnverb詞源 1/tɜːn/

  • 1

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • the Earth turns
    • turn on the spot
  • 2

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • Turn the knob clockwise.
    • It was not far from the house; but the ground sank into a depression there, and the ridge of it behind shut out everything except just the roof of the tallest hayrick. As one sat on the sward behind the elm, with the back turned on the rick and nothing in front but the tall elms and the oaks in the other hedge, it was quite easy to fancy it the verge of the prairie with the backwoods close by.
  • 3

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • She turned right at the corner.
    • I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railroad station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.
  • 4

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • She turned the table legs with care and precision.
  • 5

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • […]the Poets pen turnes them to ſhapes,[…]
    • […]he was perfectly well turned for the occupations of trade and commerce.
  • 6

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • Add sugar and butter, then turn the mixture into a dish.
    • The farmer turned the cows into a field.
  • 7

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • turn the bed covers;  turn the pages
  • 8

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • turn to page twenty;  turn through the book
另外 27 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    To make a non-linear physical movement.

    • I fell off my bike and turned my ankle severely.
  • 10

    ball-gamescricketgamesTo make a non-linear physical movement.

  • 11

    ball-gamescricketgamesTo make a non-linear physical movement.

  • 12

    To change condition or attitude.

    • Near-synonyms: become, get, go, come, fall, grow, wax
    • The leaves turn brown in autumn.
  • 13

    To change condition or attitude.

    • The hillside behind our house isn't generally much to look at, but once all the trees turn it's gorgeous.
  • 14

    To change condition or attitude.

    • Midas made everything turn to gold.  He turned into a monster every full moon.
    • At her invitation he outlined for her the succeeding chapters with terse military accuracy; and what she liked best and best understood was avoidance of that false modesty which condescends, turning technicality into pabulum.
  • 15

    To change condition or attitude.

    • This milk has turned; it smells awful.
  • 16

    To change condition or attitude.

    • to turn cider or wine
  • 17

    fantasyTo change condition or attitude.

    • How long ago was he turned?
    • His companions had turned him on purpose. Annie, bless her heart, was immune.
  • 18

    fantasyTo change condition or attitude.

    • Bruce Banner turns when he is angry: he becomes the Hulk, an incredibly powerful green monster.
  • 19

    offensiveslangTo change condition or attitude.

    • We may not be made gay or lesbian in the sense of being “turned” by some error in parenting or child rearing, but we are certainly biologically made and raised (most of us) by straights.
    • An old homophobic fantasy has it that a gay man or lesbian can be “turned” by a fulfilling sexual encounter with someone of the opposite sex
  • 20

    To change condition or attitude.

    • The decision turns on a single fact.
    • […] Conditions of Peace certainly do turn upon Events of War.
  • 21

    To change condition or attitude.

    • The prisoners turned on the warden.
    • ‘You little Fool!’ returned her sister, shaking her with the sharp pull she gave her arm. ‘Have you no spirit at all? But that’s just the way! You have no self-respect, you have no becoming pride, just as you allow yourself to be followed about by a contemptible little Chivery of a thing,’ with the scornfullest emphasis, ‘you would let your family be trodden on, and never turn.’
  • 22

    governmenthobbieslifestyleTo change condition or attitude.

  • 23

    To change condition or attitude.

    • Ile looke no more, / Leaſt my braine turne,[…]
  • 24

    To change condition or attitude.

    • The sight turned my stomach.
  • 25

    To change condition or attitude.

  • 26

    To change one's course of action; to take a new approach.

    • And they made a calfe in thoſe dayes / and offered ſacrifice vnto the ymage / and reioyſed in the workes of theyr awne hondes. / Then God turned hym ſilfe / and gave them vp /[…]
    • Turne from thy fierce wrath,[…]
  • 27

    To complete.

    • They say they can turn the parts in two days.
  • 28

    To make (money); turn a profit.

    • We turned a pretty penny with that little scheme.
  • 29

    ball-gamesgameshobbiesOf a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.

    • Liverpool introduced Carroll for Spearing and were rewarded after 64 minutes when he put them back in contention. Stewart Downing blocked Jose Bosingwa's attempted clearance, which fell into the path of Carroll. He turned John Terry superbly before firing high past Cech.
  • 30

    To undergo the process of turning on a lathe.

    • Ivory turns well.
  • 31

    medicineobstetricssciencesTo bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery.

  • 32

    datedmediaprintingpublishingTo invert a type of the same thickness, as a temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted.

  • 33

    archaicTo translate.

    • to turn the Iliad
    • who turns a Persian tale for half a crown
  • 34

    To magically or divinely repel undead.

  • 35

    cookingfoodlifestyleTo carve vegetables into uniform barrel-like or American football-like shapes.

    • The hardest part of culinary school was learning to turn vegetables perfectly.

turnnoun詞源 2/tɜːn/

  • 1

    A change of direction or orientation.

    • Give the handle a turn, then pull it.
    • With just the turn of a shoulder she indicated the water front, where[…]lay the good ship, Mount Vernon, river packet, the black smoke already pouring from her stacks. In turn he smiled and also shrugged a shoulder.
  • 2

    A movement of an object about its own axis in one direction that continues until the object returns to its initial orientation.

  • 3

    geometrymathematicssciencesA movement of an object about its own axis in one direction that continues until the object returns to its initial orientation.

  • 4

    A walk to and fro.

    • Let's take a turn in the garden.
    • "I've made a turn round the place, sir, and the light was on," was the reply.
  • 5

    A chance to use something shared in sequence with others.

    • They took turns playing with the new toy.
    • With just the turn of a shoulder she indicated the water front, where[…]lay the good ship, Mount Vernon, river packet, the black smoke already pouring from her stacks. In turn he smiled and also shrugged a shoulder.
  • 6

    A spell of work, especially the time allotted to a person in a rota or schedule.

    • I cooked tonight, so it's your turn to do the dishes.
  • 7

    One's chance to make a move in a game having two or more players.

  • 8

    A figure in music, often denoted ~, consisting of the note above the one indicated, the note itself, the note below the one indicated, and the note itself again.

另外 15 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    The time required to complete a project.

    • They quote a three-day turn on parts like those.
  • 10

    The transition from one period or era, or hour on the clock, to another.

    • turn of the century
    • […] by cajolery and innuendo she had persuaded him to go to the picture palace to be cheered up, and as it was now on the turn of eleven he might be expected back at any moment.
  • 11

    A fit or a period of giddiness.

    • I've had a funny turn.
    • I'm sure I never shall forget the turn young Simmons gave me when he came in with that paper as he'd been and copied out of a winder thro' being in a west-end house, […]
  • 12

    A change in temperament or circumstance.

    • She took a turn for the worse.
  • 13

    ball-gamescricketgamesA sideways movement of the ball when it bounces (caused by rotation in flight).

  • 14

    card-gamespokerThe fourth communal card in Texas hold 'em.

  • 15

    obsoletecard-gamespokerThe flop (the first three community cards) in Texas hold 'em.

  • 16

    A deed done to another; an act of kindness or malice.

    • One good turn deserves another.
    • I felt that the man was of a vindictive nature, and would do me an evil turn if he found the opportunity[…].
  • 17

    A single loop of a coil.

  • 18

    A pass behind or through an object.

  • 19

    Character; personality; nature.

    • It was fortunate for his comfort, perhaps, that the man who had been chosen to accompany him was of a talkative turn, for the prisoners insisted upon hearing the story of the explosion a dozen times over, and Rufus Dawes himself had been roused to give the name of the vessel with his own lips.
  • 20

    ball-gamesgameshobbiesAn instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.

  • 21

    artscircuscomedyA short skit, act, or routine.

    • Between the pieces were individual turns, comic songs and dances.
  • 22

    datedmediaprintingpublishingA type turned upside down to serve for another character that is not available.

  • 23

    historicalbusinessfinanceThe profit made by a stockjobber, being the difference between the buying and selling prices.

    • There are usually at least two jobbers who specialise in the leading stocks, and this acts to keep the jobber's turn to a reasonable amount […]

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。