天翻地覆的大轉變
把「轉滿一圈、整個翻過來」從輪子搬到人的世界：不是小修小補，而是整套想法或制度被徹底翻轉成新的一套。
revolution (major change) · noun · B2
A very big and complete change in the way people think or do things.
大變革、革命
核心畫面
At the root, picture one complete turn — something going all the way around and coming back to where it began, like a planet circling or a wheel spinning once round. Hold that full turning-over, because the famous 'political revolution' meaning is that same motion as a metaphor: the whole social order turned right over into something new.
在最底層，可以想成「轉滿一整圈」——一樣東西繞了一大圈、又回到起點，像行星公轉、像輪子轉一圈。把這個「整個翻轉過來」…更多收起
在最底層，可以想成「轉滿一整圈」——一樣東西繞了一大圈、又回到起點，像行星公轉、像輪子轉一圈。把這個「整個翻轉過來」的畫面握住，因為那個有名的「政治革命」意思，其實就是同一個動作的比喻：整個社會秩序被徹底翻轉成新的樣子。From the word’s history
From Latin revolvere 'to roll back, turn around' (re- 'back' + volvere 'to roll'). The earliest English sense was literally celestial — one turning of a heavenly body about the earth; the 'great overturning change' and then the political sense grew out of that image of a complete turn.
來自拉丁語 revolvere「滾回去、轉回來」（re-「回」＋ volvere「滾」）。這個字最早在英文裡講的是天體——一個星體繞地球轉一圈；後來「天翻地覆的大轉變」，再到「政治上的推翻」，都是從「轉滿一整圈、整個翻過來」這個畫面長出來的。
etymonline.com/word/revolution (Latin revolvere 're- back + volvere to roll'; earliest English sense = celestial rotation, late 14c)
From the picture
Also in this word
orbit (astronomy) · noun · B2
One full circular movement of one thing going all the way around another.
繞行、公轉
rotation (mechanical) · noun · B2
One complete turn of something that spins, such as a wheel around its centre.
轉、圈（轉速）
原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
revolutionnoun/ˌɹɛv.əˈluː.ʃən/
- 1
governmentpoliticsA political upheaval in a government or state characterized by great change.
- The revolution had completely transformed the monarchy into a republic.
- Una rivoluzione è certamente la cosa più autoritaria che ci sia: è l'atto per il quale una parte della popolazione impone la sua volontà all'altra parte per mezzo di fucili, baionette e cannoni; mezzi autoritari, se ce ne sono; e il partito vittorioso, se non vuole aver combattuto invano, deve continuare questo dominio col terrore che le sue armi inspirano ai reazionari.
- 2
governmentpoliticsThe popular removal and replacement of a government, especially by sudden violent action.
- For a long time the dormouse and polecat had seemed to him overfeeble enemies for his restless valour, even as the granary floor seemed to afford too narrow a field. Every day he read the papers of the previous day in the servants' hall of the houses he visited, and it appeared to him that this war in America, which was hailed as the awakening of the spirit of liberty and justice in the New World, ought to produce a revolution in France.
- 3
Rotation: the turning of an object around an axis, one complete turn of an object during rotation.
- The ratio between the speeds of revolution of wheel and disc is substantially equal to the reciprocal of the ratio between the diameter of the wheel and the diameter of the mean contact circle on the disc.
- The Earth has two motions: a daily revolution (or turning around) upon its axis, and a yearly course around the sun.
- 4
astronomynatural-sciencesIn the case of celestial bodies, the traversal of one body along an orbit around another body.
- It takes 365 days for the Earth to complete one revolution around the sun.
- 5
A sudden, vast change in a situation, a discipline, or the way of thinking and behaving.
- the AI revolution
- Ông Kac-Mac là kinh tế học K. M. Ông ấy ngiên kứu rõ ràng tư bản chủ ngĩa, dế quốc chủ ngĩa, zai kấp tranh dấu, vân vân ở dâu mà sinh ra; lịch sử nó thế nào, hiện tượng nó thế nào, và kết quả nó sẽ ra thế nào.
- 6
A round of periodic changes, such as between the seasons of the year.
- 7
Consideration of an idea; the act of revolving something in the mind.
- 8
card-gamesgamesa rule in Tycoon where if four cards are placed down at once, the card hierarchy is reversed.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。