核心畫面

Picture a man with one line of work that feeds him, and a doorway. On one side of the door he has goods to hand over; on the other side he has tools and a skill in his hands. Either way, what he 'has' is a trade, and the whole word is just that: trade plus man, the man who lives by it. English keeps both halves of trade alive — the buying-and-selling half and the learned-skill half — so the same word lands on a in one country and on a in another.

可以想成一個靠一門行當吃飯的男人,站在一扇門前。門的一邊,他手上有貨要交給你;門的另一邊,他手上有工具和一身功夫。不更多收起可以想成一個靠一門行當吃飯的男人,站在一扇門前。門的一邊,他手上有貨要交給你;門的另一邊,他手上有工具和一身功夫。不管是哪一邊,他有的東西都叫作 a trade,而這個字就只是 trade 加 man:靠這一行過日子的人。英文的 trade 同時留著「買賣」和「手藝」兩個意思,所以同一個字在一個地方指店家,在另一個地方指師傅。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary gives tradesman as trade + -s- + -man, literally 'man of a trade'. The word itself does not choose which meaning of trade is meant, which is why the modern uses split the way they do.

依 Wiktionary 的說明,tradesman 是 trade 加上連接的 -s- 再加上 -man,字面上就是「有一門 trade 的男人」。這個字本身沒有替你決定 trade 是「買賣」還是「手藝」,這正好說明了它今天為什麼會分成兩邊。也請注意 -man 這個字尾指的是男性。

Wiktionary entry for tradesman, etymology_text in this packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1135538075:11109)

Two branches

trade 是手藝:靠雙手吃飯的人

核心裡的 trade 取「學過的手藝」這一邊:他帶著工具來,本事在手上。

noun · B2

A man who does skilled work with his hands and tools as his job, after learning that trade — for example a builder, a plumber, an electrician or a carpenter.

技術工人/師傅

trade 是買賣:靠進貨賣貨吃飯的人

核心裡的 trade 取「買賣」這一邊:他手上有貨,靠賣東西過日子。差別只在他站在店裡,還是走到你家門口。

noun · B2

A man who buys goods or services and sells them to the public, especially one who keeps a shop.

生意人/店家