喜樂美語

核心畫面

Think of something sitting in an oven or over an open fire. The heat is dry, and it comes from every side at once, so there is no cooler side to turn towards. It works slowly, it browns the outside, and it pulls the smell right out into the room. Every use of this word can be thought of as that heat, pointed at something new: at food, at a pan made to hold it, at a person sweating in a jacket, or at someone standing in the middle while the words come at them from all around.

roasting 可以想成一個東西被放進烤箱，或架在火上。熱是乾的，而且四面同時包過來，沒有哪一面比較涼、可以轉過去…更多收起roasting 可以想成一個東西被放進烤箱，或架在火上。熱是乾的，而且四面同時包過來，沒有哪一面比較涼、可以轉過去躲。它走得慢，會把外層烤成褐色，也把香味整個逼到空氣裡。這個字的每一種用法，都可以想成是把這股熱對準了不同的東西：對準食物，對準專門拿來裝食物的那個盤子，對準一個穿著外套冒汗的人，或是對準一個站在中間、被四面的話語圍住的人。

From the word’s history

The source records roasting as coming from Middle English rostynge, and as roast plus the ending -ing, which makes a noun for the act itself.

來源記載 roasting 來自中古英文 rostynge，等於 roast 加上字尾 -ing。-ing 把動作變成一個名詞，所以它最原本指的就是「烤這件事」本身，而不是烤出來的那道菜。

Wiktionary (kaikki extract) source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1279755079 — etymology_text: 'From Middle English rostynge; equivalent to roast + -ing.'

Three branches

乾熱包住東西的那件事

最靠近核心畫面的一組：一個是那股熱本身，一個是為了讓那股熱好好包住食物而做的器具。

noun · B2

The cooking of food with dry heat, in an oven or over a fire; also the strong heating of other materials in the same way, such as coffee beans or metal ore.

烘烤（的過程）

人被那股熱烤到

同一股熱，但這次被烤的是人。烤箱換成夏天的午後、沒冷氣的公車、一件太厚的外套。

adjective · B1

Very hot, in a way that makes you uncomfortable — used about the weather, a room, or how your own body feels.

熱得要命的

話語像熱氣一樣圍過來

這是教學上的比喻連結，不是歷史來源的說法：把「被架在火上、四面都是熱」的畫面，借來形容一個人被話語圍住。

noun · C1

If someone gives you a roasting, they tell you angrily that they think what you did was wrong; if you get a roasting, that is what happens to you.

被痛罵一頓

原始詞典資料5 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

roastingadj/ˈɹəʊstɪŋ/

  • 1

    Very hot.

    • The day started out cool, but by noon it was roasting.

roastingnoun/ˈɹəʊstɪŋ/

  • 1

    The act by which something is roasted.

    • These elements are expelled more completely by a large number of comparatively incomplete roastings (alternated, of course, with smeltings) than by a smaller number of extremely thorough roastings[…]
    • There were signs of recent roastings and fryings, and Frank explained he’d been eating pretty well, making his way through frozen stocks from the shop.
  • 2

    A strong rebuke or reprimand (usually from the recipient's point of view).

    • My boss gave me a roasting for last month's sales figures.
  • 3

    The act of attempting to humiliating someone or being humiliated in such a way that it appears comedic, especially publicly.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。