打在東西上的重擊：聽得到的那一面
這一組就是核心畫面本身：外面有東西一下一下重重打在表面上，通常也帶著聲音。名詞講那個動作或聲音，形容詞把同樣的畫面搬到名詞前面。
noun · B2
The action or the sound of something hitting a surface very hard, again and again.
一下一下的重擊（聲）
核心畫面
One way to picture pounding: the same spot being struck hard, and then struck again, and again, with a rhythm you can hear or feel. Two things have to be there — weight in each blow, and a blow that keeps coming. From that one picture you can walk : rain on a roof, a heart in a chest, or something that has been hit so many times it starts to give way.
pounding 的畫面可以想成：同一個地方被重重打了一下，接著又一下，一直打下去，而那個節奏你聽得到、也感覺得到。…更多收起
pounding 的畫面可以想成：同一個地方被重重打了一下，接著又一下，一直打下去，而那個節奏你聽得到、也感覺得到。這個畫面裡有兩個必要的條件，一個是「重」，一個是「一直來」。少了其中一個，就不會用這個字：輕輕敲不算，只打一下也不算。從這個畫面往外走，可以走到打在東西上的雨和浪，走到胸口裡跳得很用力的心臟，也可以走到被打太多次、開始撐不住的那一方。Three branches
打在身體裡的重擊：感覺得到的那一面
重擊的位置從外面移到身體裡：心臟撞著胸口，一下一下。條件完全沒變，還是又重又連續，只是這次施力的是自己。
noun · B2
The action or sound of your heart beating hard, usually when you are afraid, excited, or have just been moving fast.
心臟怦怦跳（的感覺）
被重擊的一方：take a pounding
視角從「打」換成「被打」，而且固定包在 take a pounding 這個片語裡。字面的重擊有時真的發生（船撞碼頭），有時只是比喻（比分一直被追加）。
noun · B2
If a thing takes a pounding, it is hit or knocked many times, usually by waves, weather, or hard use, and is often damaged by it.
被反覆重擊、受損
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
poundingnoun/ˈpaʊn.dɪŋ/
- 1
An act in which something or someone is pounded.
- “I took a few poundings in the past.”
- 2
An old-fashioned event to welcome someone (typically a new pastor) to a new community by bring gifts of storable food (a pound of coffee, flour, sugar, etc.) to help stock the pantry. It is somewhat similar to a “shower”.
poundingadj/ˈpaʊn.dɪŋ/
- 1
Characterized by heavy or loud throbs.
- pounding rain
- I have a pounding headache.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。