喜樂美語

核心畫面

One way to picture it: the cupped hollow a bird builds and settles down into — a small place, made or chosen, that holds what is fragile inside it.

鳥築的那個碗狀的窩：一個小小的、圍起來的凹處，是牠自己做或自己挑的，然後整個身體坐進去，把蛋和雛鳥包在裡面。這個字的…更多收起鳥築的那個碗狀的窩：一個小小的、圍起來的凹處，是牠自己做或自己挑的，然後整個身體坐進去，把蛋和雛鳥包在裡面。這個字的重點有三層——圍起來（有邊、有內外之分）、是誰的（不是隨便一個洞，是屬於某個住戶的）、放進去的東西是脆弱的、需要被護著的。後面所有的意思，不管是蟲的窩、犯罪集團的據點、還是程式裡包在裡面的那一層，都還帶著這三層裡的某幾層。

From the word’s history

From Old English nest, from Proto-Germanic *nestą, from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós — literally "where [the bird] sits down", a compound of *ni- "down" + a form of *sed- "sit" (the same root as sit and nether).

這個字一路回推到原始印歐語 *nisdós，字面意思是「〔鳥〕坐下來的地方」——由 *ni-（向下）加上 *sed-（坐）組成，跟英文的 sit 同源。這個古老的組合說明了核心畫面裡最關鍵的動作：nest 不只是一個容器，是「有東西降落下來、坐進去、安頓住」的那個位置。也因為這樣，nest 從來不是空的概念，你聽到它就會想到裡面住著誰。

Wiktionary, "nest" (← Old English nest ← Proto-Germanic *nestą ← PIE *nisdós, literally "where [the bird] sits down", from *ni- "down" + *sed- "sit")

Three branches

真的窩：鳥、蟲、小動物住的地方

這一族就是核心畫面本身，以及把它做出來的動作。從鳥擴到蜂、蟻、老鼠——只要是動物自己蓋的、圍起來的居所，英文都叫 nest。

nest, bird's nest · noun · C2

A place a bird makes or chooses, where it lays its eggs and lives with its young.

鳥巢

人的窩：離開的家，與藏起來的據點

從鳥巢借來「隱蔽、專屬、裡面養著東西」這幾個特徵，用在人身上。走溫暖的那條路就是家；走陰暗的那條路就是窩藏犯罪的據點。

leave the nest / fly the nest · noun · C2

To leave your parents' home and start living somewhere else when you are an adult. English says leave the nest or fly the nest.

離家獨立

一個套一個：大小相扣的結構

這一族抓的是核心畫面裡「一個東西完整地坐進另一個裡面、被包住卻仍然獨立」這個空間關係，而不是「住所」那一面。所以它跟前面兩族連著同一個根，畫面卻換了重點。

nest, set of nesting items · noun · C2

A set of tables, boxes, or similar things that fit inside each other.

套桌／套盒

原始詞典資料22 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Nestname

  • 1

    A surname from German or Welsh.

nestnoun詞源 1/nɛst/

  • 1

    A structure built by a bird as a place to incubate eggs and rear young.

  • 2

    A place used by a mammal, fish, amphibian or insect, for depositing eggs and hatching young.

  • 3

    A snug, comfortable, or cosy residence or job situation.

  • 4

    A retreat, or place of habitual resort.

  • 5

    A hideout for bad people to frequent or haunt; a den.

    • a nest of thieves
    • That nightclub is a nest of strange people!
  • 6

    A home that a child or young adult shares with a parent or guardian.

    • I am aspiring to leave the nest.
  • 7

    card-gamesgamesA fixed number of cards in some bidding games awarded to the highest bidder allowing him to exchange any or all with cards in his hand.

    • I was forced to change trumps when I found the ace, jack, and nine of diamonds in the nest.
  • 8

    governmentmilitarypoliticsA fortified position for a weapon.

    • a machine gun nest
另外 6 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    computingengineeringmathematicsA structure consisting of nested structures, such as nested loops or nested subroutine calls.

    • Subroutine 4 cannot jump out of the subroutine nest in one step. Each return address must be popped from the stack in the order in which it was pushed onto the stack.
    • Our analysis to this point has assumed that in a loop nest, we are only parallelizing a single loop.
  • 10

    A circular bed of pasta, rice, etc. to be topped or filled with other foods.

  • 11

    geographygeologynatural-sciencesAn aggregated mass of any ore or mineral, in an isolated state, within a rock.

  • 12

    A collection of boxes, cases, or the like, of graduated size, each put within the one next larger.

  • 13

    A compact group of pulleys, gears, springs, etc., working together or collectively.

  • 14

    vulgarslangThe pubic hair near a vulva or a vulva itself.

nestverb詞源 2/nɛst/

  • 1

    To build or settle into a nest.

  • 2

    To settle into a home.

    • We loved the new house and were nesting there in two days!
  • 3

    To successively neatly fit inside another.

    • I bought a set of nesting mixing bowls for my mother.
  • 4

    To place in, or as if in, a nest.

  • 5

    To place one thing neatly inside another, and both inside yet another (and so on).

    • There would be much more room in the attic if you had nested all the empty boxes.
  • 6

    To hunt for birds' nests or their contents (usually "go nesting").

    • After the first heavy frost, when acorns were falling, I took a friend into partnership and went nesting.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。