喜樂美語

核心畫面

One mark put on a surface. Somebody drew it, wrote it, or stamped it, and now that thing is not the same as everything around it. Two things follow from that small picture. The mark is there to be seen, so it pulls the eye. And the mark points at one thing in particular, not at the whole pile.

可以想成有人在一個東西上留下一個記號。畫上去、寫上去、蓋上去都算。從這個小畫面會長出兩件事。第一，記號本來就是做給人…更多收起可以想成有人在一個東西上留下一個記號。畫上去、寫上去、蓋上去都算。從這個小畫面會長出兩件事。第一，記號本來就是做給人看的，所以它會把眼睛拉過去。第二，記號是點名用的，它指的是其中某一個，不是全部。

From the word’s history

The source entry derives marked from mark (a sign, a visible impression) plus -ed, that is, 'carrying a mark'. The modern meanings all sit close to that: something that carries a visible mark, a change so large it acts like one, and a person whose name has been marked out.

字典把 marked 拆成 mark（記號、看得見的痕跡）加上 -ed，字面是「帶著記號的」。今天的幾個意思都離這個起點不遠：身上真的有標示的東西、大到像記號一樣的變化，以及被人在名單上點名的那個人。

Wiktionary entry for marked, etymology 1 (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:815312003): "From mark (“sign, characteristic, visible impression”) + -ed."

Three branches

身上真的有記號

這一支就是核心畫面本身，還沒有延伸。記號是實體的：路上的指標、箱子上的字、警車的塗裝。

adjective · B1

Having marks, writing, or a design on it that you can see, especially ones that tell you what it is, where it goes, or who it belongs to.

有標記的

大到像記號一樣跳出來

記號的作用是「被看見」。把這個作用搬到變化上，就變成「這個差別大到不用人指出來」。

adjective · B2

Big enough or clear enough that anyone would notice it. It is used in front of a noun, usually a word for a change, a difference, or a rise or fall.

明顯的

名字被畫了記號的人

記號除了給人看，還會點名。把記號畫在一個人的名字旁邊，那個人就從人群裡被挑出來了。

adjective · C1

Used in 'a marked man' or 'a marked woman': someone who has been picked out by another person or group, and who is now in danger from them.

被盯上的人

原始詞典資料7 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

markedadj詞源 1/mɑːkt/

  • 1

    Having a visible or identifying mark.

  • 2

    Having a visible or identifying mark.

  • 3

    Clearly evident; noticeable; conspicuous.

    • The eighth century BC saw a marked increase in the general wealth of Cyprus.
    • In ancient times, the Romans imported truffles, credited with marked aphrodisiac virtue, from Libya as well as Greece.
  • 4

    human-scienceslinguisticssciencesDistinguished by a positive feature.

    • "Young" is the marked element of the old/young pair, since the usual way of asking someone's age is "How old are you?".
    • It is frequently the case that of two units in contrast (and for simplicity we may restrict ourselves to two-term contrasts) one will be positive, or marked, the other being neutral, or unmarked. […] The plural is positively marked by the final s, whereas the singular is unmarked.
  • 5

    Singled out; suspicious; treated with hostility; the object of vengeance.

    • A marked man.
    • My secret terror for the last six months has been leaving them on the Moon and returning to Earth alone; now I am within minutes of finding out the truth of the matter. If they fail to rise from the surface, or crash back into it, I am not going to commit suicide; I am coming home, forthwith, but I will be a marked man for life and I know it.
  • 6

    In police livery, as opposed to unmarked. (of a police vehicle)

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。