Picture a room where every question gets answered by turning back to the person: what do people need, what can people find out, how are people being treated. Humanism is the name for making that turn. Where the turn lands changes the meaning — on a way of deciding, on a period of study, or on how one person behaves.
From human + -ism, borrowed from German Humanismus, coined by Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer in 1808.
字源記為 human（人）加上 -ism（某種主張），借自德文 Humanismus，由 Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer 在 1808 年造出。所以這個字從一開始就是「以人為單位」的意思，只是後來落在不同的地方。
Wiktionary entry supplied in packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:742214136:30528)
Three branches
把人放在中心的想法
轉回人身上，然後停在「怎麼判斷對錯」這個問題上。
noun · C1
A way of thinking that puts human beings at the centre: it judges what is right by how much it helps people live well, and it looks to human reason, evidence and science for answers rather than to religion.
人本主義
回到古典的那場運動
同樣是轉回人身上，但落在「人寫下來的東西」上：與其只讀神學，不如回頭讀人自己留下的古典文本。
noun · C1
Humanism, usually written with a capital H, is the movement in Europe from about the 14th to the 16th century in which scholars went back to the writings of ancient Greece and Rome and studied them closely. The word is also used more widely for the study of the humanities and classical literature.
人文主義（文藝復興）
對人的溫度
轉回人身上，但這次不是在想事情，而是在對待人：落點從腦袋移到行為。
noun · C1
Kindness and real concern for other people, shown in the way someone treats them.
人道關懷；待人的溫度